On 0, Peter Christensen <christenpet@snip.net> wrote: > I'm getting there slowly! I can play an audio CD by pressing the play button > on the CD drive. But the volume is so faint that I have to turn up the > speakers all the way. I searched the archives here and found a couple of > references to this problem. One said that "if you don't use ALSA > and use OSS instead you have to adjust your mixer settings" I didn't use a > driver from ALSA, but instead used the es1370 driver from the vanilla kernel. > > So I thought that I might try installing xmms and see if I can adjust the > mixer setting there. I did an apt-get install xmms, then tried running it by > typing "xmms" from the console. Got the following: > > Xlib: connection to ":0.0" refused by server > Xlib: Client is not authorized to connect to Server > > ** CRITICAL **: Unable to open display > > Is this where I need to set permission properly? I checked the ref. manual > and tried the lspci -v: > > 00:0b.0 Multimedia audio controller: Ensoniq ES1370 [AudioPCI] > Subsystem: Unknown device 4942:4c4c > Flags: bus master, slow devsel, latency 64, IRQ 10 > I/O ports at ef00 > > Does the unknown device reveal a problem? No. The multimedia device is not your problem. XMMS is a graphical application and must be started from within an X session. You can set up the authorisation to start it from the console, but its easier to just start an xterm from inside X and run xmms from there. > As you can see, this is all very new to me, and I need to get lots of general > knowledge. I've been doing Google searches and browsing through the ref. > manual, but feel that I'm stuck at this point. Any help would be appreciated! > > P.S. What is "wrapper?" Haven't seen this term before... A wrapper is a design pattern; an object that 'wraps' another object, usually either providing extra functionality or restricting the available functionality. In this context, what was meant is that there is an underlying audio device, and an underlying CD drive device, and that a GUI CD player is just providing a nice interface to these devices; it does no actual audio processing, just tells the CD drive to send audio data from a particular track to the sound card. This is also known as abstraction, and is a concept that you will come across everywhere you turn in computing; as a user you will never deal directly with hardware; even programmers very rarely deal directly with hardware. Users have an application that deals with details for them. Application writers have libraries that deal with details for them. Library writers have a device driver that deals with details for them. Device driver writers... well, they are very clever people who deal directly with the hardware. Tom -- Tom Cook Information Technology Services, The University of Adelaide "If it weren't for electricity we'd all be watching television by candlelight." - George Gobol Get my GPG public key: https://pinky.its.adelaide.edu.au/~tkcook/tom.cook-at-adelaide.edu.au
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