Re: Debian Travando
On Tue, 11 Jan 2005, Andrea Viana da Silva wrote:
> Tenho uma maquina em rede configurada com Debian/Sarge/Gnome e sem
> motivo aparente ela esta travando, O equipamento é bom tem 1Gz e 256
> ram.
> Ela trava geral, não consigo pela rede ter + acesso a ela.
>
> Pelo menos 1 vez por dia em horario variado.
>
> Por onde devo iniciar a busca do problema, tem algum log(s) que devam
> ser analizados ? O que devo observar.
Oi Andrea,
A primeira coisa a observar e o hardware da maquina: ventoinhas, coolers,
fluxo de ar, temperatura, muita poeira, etc. O comando 'sensors' pode
ajudar nessa fase, pois ele pode ir gravando no log as temperaturas (em
ultimo caso, vc pode ver na propria BIOS). Eu costumo dar uma 'tateada'
no gabinete; se alguma regiao estiver quente, pode ser um problema.
Se a maquina ja tiver uma certa idade, deixe o memtest rodando por algum
tempo (1h? 2h?). Serah que pode ser o HD dando problema?
Se tudo estiver ok, vc tem que tentar isolar a causa do problema (que pode
ser desde um pau com alguma extension bixada remanescente no profile de um
update do mozilla ateh um modulo da placa de video defeituoso). Comece
desligando as coisas que vc nao usa normalmente (daemons, programas do
dock, etc) e continue usando a maquina. Se ainda travar, eh pq o bendito
nao estah nessa ultima lista. Tente estreitar ao maximo a lista de
programas suspeitos.
Olhar nos logs sempre ajuda; os lugares genericos sao no /var/log arquivos
messages kern.log e syslog. Tem tbm o daemon.log e o debug. Se o relogio
do seu micro estiver ok, fica mais facil - procure pelo horario nesses
logs por algo suspeito proximo a esse horario.
Uma boa dica pra saber se eh pau no kernel ou nao eh usar a 'magic SysRq
key'. Colando do documento sysrq.txt do meu kernel-source:
-----------------
* What is the magic SysRq key?
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
It is a 'magical' key combo you can hit which the kernel will respond to
regardless of whatever else it is doing, unless it is completely locked
up.
* How do I enable the magic SysRq key?
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
You need to say "yes" to 'Magic SysRq key (CONFIG_MAGIC_SYSRQ)' when
configuring the kernel. When running on a kernel with SysRq compiled in,
it
may be DISABLED at run-time using following command:
echo "0" > /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq
Note that previous versions disabled sysrq by default, and you were
required
to specifically enable it at run-time. That is not the case any longer.
* How do I use the magic SysRq key?
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
On x86 - You press the key combo 'ALT-SysRq-<command key>'. Note - Some
keyboards may not have a key labeled 'SysRq'. The 'SysRq' key
is also known as the 'Print Screen' key. Also some keyboards
cannot handle so many keys being pressed at the same time, so
you might have better luck with "press Alt", "press SysRq",
"release Alt", "press <command key>", release everything.
* What are the 'command' keys?
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
...
'b' - Will immediately reboot the system without syncing or unmounting
your disks.
's' - Will attempt to sync all mounted filesystems.
'u' - Will attempt to remount all mounted filesystems read-only.
'h' - Will display help ( actually any other key than those listed
above will display help. but 'h' is easy to remember :-)
'r' - Turns off keyboard raw mode and sets it to XLATE.
...
* Okay, so what can I use them for?
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Well, un'R'aw is very handy when your X server or a svgalib program
crashes.
...
It seems other find it useful as (System Attention Key) which is
useful when you want to exit a program that will not let you switch
consoles. (For example, X or a svgalib program.)
...
re'B'oot is good when you're unable to shut down. But you should also
'S'ync and 'U'mount first.
'S'ync is great when your system is locked up, it allows you to sync your
disks and will certainly lessen the chance of data loss and fscking. Note
that the sync hasn't taken place until you see the "OK" and "Done" appear
on the screen. (If the kernel is really in strife, you may not ever get
the OK or Done message...)
'U'mount is basically useful in the same ways as 'S'ync. I generally
'S'ync, 'U'mount, then re'B'oot when my system locks. It's saved me many a
fsck. Again, the unmount (remount read-only) hasn't taken place until you
see the "OK" and "Done" message appear on the screen.
...
--------------------------------
Espero que esses conselhos sejam uteis de alguma forma.
--
Marcos Lazarini
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