Proposal: A config file for runlevels (DRAFT)
[My apologies to everyone who recieves this twice.]
You may have read the discussion about possible enhancements in Debians
configuration policy. This mail is a request for comments on one
aspect of the discussion: a config file for runlevels.
The traditional "SysV" scheme of implementing runlevels is through links
in "/etc/rc?.d/*". The main problem with this links is that you can't
get easily a survey of your setup.
I rewrote the "rc"-program so it handles _one_ config file instead of
many links in "/etc/rc?.d/*". Here's an extract from this config file:
# This is the configuration file for /etc/debian/runlevel.conf
#
#Format:
#<sort> <stop-> <start-levels> <script>
05 - 0 /etc/init.d/halt
05 - 1 /etc/init.d/single
05 - 6 /etc/init.d/reboot
10 0,1,6 2,3,4,5 /etc/init.d/sysklogd
12 0,1,6 2,3,4,5 /etc/init.d/kerneld
[..]
89 0,1,6 2,3,4,5 /etc/init.d/cron
99 - 2,3,4,5 /etc/init.d/rmnologin
99 0,1,6 2,3,4,5 /etc/init.d/xdm
The syntax should be fairly obvious:
* The first column is the sort criteria for starting and
stopping (reverse order) the scripts.
* The second column consists of a comma-seperated list of
runlevels in which the script should be stopped
- or -
a single "-" if the script should not be stopped (with
that sort-number).
* The second column consists of a comma-seperated list of
runlevels in which the script should be started
- or -
a single "-" if the script should not be started (with
that sort-number).
* The last column specifies the full name of the script.
The alternate "rc"-programm uses built-in bash functions only and does
not rely on any external program installed. Performance is quite good
and delays execution of a script 0.075 seconds (average value on an old
ISA-486).
A script to convert your current link-setup into a configuration file
is available as well as an almost compatible "update-rc.d"-program. To
edit the configuration file you can use your favourite editor. :-)
I've attached an uuencoded tar-file which contains the files.
Everybody is invited to play around with it: just cd in the directory
which is created by unpacking the archive and try
./link2file.sh > runlevel.conf
export PRELEVEL=N # previous runlevel
./rc 2 # "switch" to runlevel "2"
To be on the save side, the alternate "rc" only prints the commands
it would execute for now.
The disadvantages as far as I can see them:
* If the machine crashes while writing the config-file it gets
destroyed. There is rudimentary support for a fallback
configuration file (not sufficient yet).
* The "sort numbers" are not evaluated by "rc" (this could be
seen as a feature, though).
* There is almost no experience with this new technique.
Advantages beside the easeness:
* comments are possible
* Symbolic runlevels like "reboot" can be easily supported
(although the numbers are more comprehensive).
* The sort-numbers could be replaced by symbolic names, too.
* "Update-rc.d" is quite fast (2-3s on an old ISA-486 = up to
10 times faster than the old one).
Please keep traffic off "debian-devel" and direct all technical
comments to "debian-admintool" until the final proposal is
published. Thanks.
I will ask in "debian-users" for opinions on this in the next days,
too.
-Winfried
PS.: Of course even more complicated setups can be expressed in the
configuration file:
#Format:
#<sort> <stop-> <start-levels> <script>
15 0 - /etc/init.d/foo
17 1 - /etc/init.d/foo
19 6 - /etc/init.d/foo
14 - 5 /etc/init.d/foo
80 - 2 /etc/init.d/foo
84 - 3,4 /etc/init.d/foo
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