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Why actual speed is slower than nominal? (2.6x vs 4x)



 Hi there,

 I am curious as to why the actual speed I get happens to be a lot
slower than the nominal one. I am using Knoppix 3.8.1 with 2.6.11
kernel in /dev/hdc, and the DVD writer is /dev/hdd

 If I do not use "hdparm" to set the speed of /dev/hdd to udma2, then
actual speed happens to be even slower. 

 I am creating the image on the fly, could that make things go slower?

 Below is the relevant information.

 Thanks!
 Konstantin

Writing:   The File(s)                             Start Block 46
/dev/cdrom1: pre-formatting blank DVD+RW...
/dev/cdrom1: "Current Write Speed" is 4.1x1385KBps.
...
Max brk space used 0
2011265 extents written (3928 MB)
builtin_dd: 2011280*2KB out @ average 2.6x1385KBps
/dev/cdrom1: flushing cache
/dev/cdrom1: stopping de-icing
/dev/cdrom1: writing lead-out
 
dvd+rw-mediainfo /dev/cdrom1
INQUIRY:                [LITE-ON ][DVDRW SOHW-1673S][JS07]
GET [CURRENT] CONFIGURATION:
 Mounted Media:         1Ah, DVD+RW
 Media ID:              INFODISC/A10
 Current Write Speed:   4.0x1385=5540KB/s
 Write Speed #0:        4.0x1385=5540KB/s
GET [CURRENT] PERFORMANCE:
 Write Performance:     4.0x1385=5540KB/s@[0 -> 0]
 Speed Descriptor#0:    00/0 R@3.2x1385=4432KB/s W@4.0x1385=5540KB/s
READ DVD STRUCTURE[#0h]:
cadillac:~/kiev_backup>cat speed 
 
Writing:   The File(s)                             Start Block 46
/dev/cdrom1: pre-formatting blank DVD+RW...
/dev/cdrom1: "Current Write Speed" is 4.1x1385KBps.
...
Max brk space used 0
2011265 extents written (3928 MB)
builtin_dd: 2011280*2KB out @ average 2.6x1385KBps
/dev/cdrom1: flushing cache
/dev/cdrom1: stopping de-icing
/dev/cdrom1: writing lead-out
 
dvd+rw-mediainfo /dev/cdrom1
INQUIRY:                [LITE-ON ][DVDRW SOHW-1673S][JS07]
GET [CURRENT] CONFIGURATION:
 Mounted Media:         1Ah, DVD+RW
 Media ID:              INFODISC/A10
 Current Write Speed:   4.0x1385=5540KB/s
 Write Speed #0:        4.0x1385=5540KB/s
GET [CURRENT] PERFORMANCE:
 Write Performance:     4.0x1385=5540KB/s@[0 -> 0]
 Speed Descriptor#0:    00/0 R@3.2x1385=4432KB/s W@4.0x1385=5540KB/s
READ DVD STRUCTURE[#0h]:
 Media Book Type:       92h, DVD+RW book [revision 2]
 Legacy lead-out at:    2295104*2KB=4700372992
READ DISC INFORMATION:
 Disc status:           blank
 Number of Sessions:    1
 State of Last Session: empty
 Number of Tracks:      1
READ TRACK INFORMATION[#1]:
 Track State:           blank
 Track Start Address:   0*2KB
 Free Blocks:           2295104*2KB
 Track Size:            2295104*2KB
READ CAPACITY:          1*2048=2048
 
#hdparm -d1 -X 66 /dev/hdd
#hdparm -i /dev/hdd
 
/dev/hdd:
 
 Model=LITE-ON DVDRW SOHW-1673S, FwRev=JS07, SerialNo=
 Config={ Fixed Removeable DTR<=5Mbs DTR>10Mbs nonMagnetic }
 RawCHS=0/0/0, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=0
 BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=0kB, MaxMultSect=0
 (maybe): CurCHS=0/0/0, CurSects=0, LBA=yes, LBAsects=0
 IORDY=yes, tPIO={min:227,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120}
 PIO modes:  pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
 DMA modes:  mdma0 mdma1 mdma2
 UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 *udma2
 AdvancedPM=no
 Drive conforms to: device does not report version:
 
 * signifies the current active mode
 



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