Re: Newbie Hardware/Partitioning
On Sunday 31 August 2003 10:03 am, Pigeon wrote:
> On Sun, Aug 31, 2003 at 06:35:03AM -0400, Hershel Robinson wrote:
> > My second question is about partitioning for a dual boot with
> > Windows 2000. I need the Windows system, at least for now, for
> > work purposes. I also may want to store images in a shareable
> > location and I presently have 5Gigs of digital pictures on this
> > Win 2K machine.
>
> On the same machine, it's pretty well got to be FAT...
I had a hellacious time setting up a dual boot, W2K/Debian. Here
is the lesson I learned: You must use W2K to create the extended
partition and all of its logical partitions. If you use Debian to
do this instead, then W2K will forever complain about seeing
non-Windows 2000 drives. I believe that micro$loth is doing
something non-standard again.
I'll explain what I did, with an 80GB hard-drive. You'll want to
scale the larger partitions down in size.
(1) Use your Debian CD to create the first two partitions, which
are just primary ones, in the cfdisk program. For me, these are:
a Linux ext2 of size 10 MB, and a NTFS of size 10000 MB. These
will be the boot partition to hold LILO, and the C: drive for W2K.
(2) Now switch to installation of Windows 2000. It should go into
the partition you created for the C: drive.
(3) When you finally have Windows 2000 booting perfectly, you are
ready to partition the rest of the hard-drive. Go into Control
Panel: Administration Tools: Computer Management: Disk Management.
Now add the following partitions:
(a) A primary 200 MB, no drive, no format (will be linux root)
(b) An extended, rest of drive, about 68424 MB.
(c) Divide the extended partition into these logical partitions:
(1) 495 MB, no drive, no format (will be linux swap)
(2) 9539 MB, no drive, no format (will be linux /usr)
(3) 28616 MB, Assign E:, Format FAT (W2K E:, linux can share)
(4) 2969 MB, no drive, no format (will be linux /var)
(5) 23846 MB, no drive, no format (will be linux /home)
(6) 960 MB, no drive, no format (will be linux /tmp)
(4) Boot W2K. Format the E: drive. I added users, and set the
mydocuments for each to go onto the E: drive. I intend to only
use the C: drive for temporary files and program installations.
(5) Finally, bood from the Debian CD-1. The installation should go
smoothly for you. The cfdisk program will see all of the
partitions, formatted and unformatted. You now need to set the
partition types in cfdisk. If you did what I did in (3) above, you
would set hda3, 6, 8, 9 and 10 to type 83, or Linux. Then set hda5
to type 82, or Linux swap. Everything will now appear with a "FS
Type."
(6) You would now leave the cfdisk program, and resume the
menu-driven installation. First, I had to activate the swap.
Then, I had to init the partitions: hda3 as / (be sure to do hda3
first!), hda1 as /boot, hda6 as /usr, hda8 as /var, hda9 as /home
and hda10 as /tmp (this was a non-standard partition, but the
installation handled it like a champ).
(7) Continue with the Debian installation. When you get to the
section on "Make System Bootable", be very careful. You do not
want to blow away the NT boot loader! When the Debian installation
is complete, you are going to repair things to get a smooth LILO
dual-boot. Right now, answer the questions so that:
(a) You install LILO in the boot partition's boot loader.
(b) DO NOT install LILO in MBR.
(c) DO NOT install a master boot record in /dev/hda.
***** PLEASE REPLY TO THE LIST WITH ANY CORRECTIONS TO THE
FOLLOWING, SINCE IT WOULD BE USEFUL FOR A HOWTO. *****
(8) Your box should boot directly into Windows 2000, since I
believe that hda2 will be marked bootable. Go into Control Panel:
Administration Tools: Computer Management: Disk Management and mark
the first primary partition active (this is hda1, /boot, in the
linux world).
(9) Now your box should boot directly into Debian GNU/Linux. Make
a backup of the original Windows 2000 NTLDR, which is still in the
master boot record. The following command will do this:
dd if=/dev/hda of=/boot/NTLDR.MBR bs=512 count=1 >/boot/NTLDR.MBR
(10) If you ever need to restore the Windows 2000 boot loader, you
will need to "merge" the NTLDR boot loader program into the master
boot record, which will preserve the final 66 bytes (64 bytes are
the partition table, followed by 2 magic number bytes that identify
the given sector as a boot sector). YOU WILL NOT USE THE FOLLOWING
COMMAND AT THIS TIME:
dd if=/boot/NTLDR.MBR of=/dev/hda bs=446 count=1
(11) You will need to make changes to /etc/lilo.conf:
(a) You probably need the lba32 directive to support large HDs.
(b) You will need the fix-table directive, since we mixed use of
Linux's cfdisk and W2K Disk Management to partition the HD.
(c) You need the boot=/dev/hda to specify the boot device.
(d) You need the root=/dev/hda3 to specify linux's root partition.
(e) Finally, let LILO know how to boot Windows 2000, with:
other=/dev/hda2
label=Win2000
table=/dev/hda
(12) Run lilo and reboot. Everything should be fine, and you will
be presented with the LILO prompt. If you have never seen this
before, you need to know one thing: HOLD DOWN THE SHIFT KEY.
David Crane
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