Re: Q: X-Windows Fails
On Mon, 13 Oct 1997, Dean C. Sullinger wrote:
> sits there and stares at me. I have to press Ctrl+Alt+Bksp
> to exit out and then the text screen is so hosed that I
> can't read anything.
Sounds like X is starting ok, but you need to start a window manager.
Make a .xinitrc file in your home directory, the last line of which
should read
exec fvwm
then you'll also need to copy the (attached to this message) sample.fvwmrc
file to ~/.fvwmrc, and you'll be able to startx ok. Check "man fvwmrc"
for the fvwmrc format, and change the default one I've provided.
Will
harpo@udel.edu
lowe@cis.udel.edu
http://www.cis.udel.edu/~lowe/
*****************************************************************************
Good Idea: Feeding Stray Cats in the Park.
Bad Idea: Feeding Stray Cats in the park ... to a bear.
*****************************************************************************
# Unfortunately, order does matter in this file
# The correct order for inserting configurations is:
# 1. Colors
# 2. Assorted configuration paramters such as ClickToFocus, or MWMBorders
# 3. Path setup (ModulePath, PixmapPath, IconPath)
# 4. Style settings, including the default style Style "*" ...
# 5. InitFunction and ResetFunction definitions.
# 6. Other Functions. Functions cannot be forward referenced from
# other functions, but they can be backward referenced.
# 7. Menus definitions. Same caveats about forward referencing
# 8. Key and Mouse Bindings.
# 9. Module options.
# The order of steps 5, 6, and 7 is not critical, as long as there are
# no forward references to functions or menus.
# If you get it wrong, the most common problem is that color or font settings
# are ignored
###########################################################################
# set up the colors
StdForeColor Black
StdBackColor Grey
# this is used for the selected window
HiForeColor White
HiBackColor DarkGreen
StickyForeColor Black
# Menu colors
MenuForeColor Black
MenuBackColor grey
MenuStippleColor SlateGrey
# fvwm2
Notitle xconsole
Noborder xconsole
NoBorder xclock
NoBorder xbiff
NoBorder xpostit
############################################################################
# Now the fonts - one for menus, another for window titles, another for icons
Font -adobe-helvetica-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
#Font -*-times-medium-i-*-*-*-120-*-*-*-*-*-*
WindowFont -adobe-helvetica-bold-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
#IconFont -adobe-helvetica-medium-r-*-*-11-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
IconFont fixed
###########################################################################
# Set up the major operating modes
#
######################## FOCUS STUFF ##############################
# Set windows to auto-raise after 750 milliseconds if you like it.
# Autoraise can sometimes obscure pop-up windows. Performance is now
# similar to olvwm's auto-raise feature.
#AutoRaise 750
# Normally, we'll be in focus-follows mouse mode, but uncomment this
# for mwm-style click-to-focus
#ClickToFocus
######################## ICON STUFF ##############################
# Auto Place Icons is a nice feature....
# This creates two icon boxes, one on the left side, then one on the
# bottom. Leaves room in the upper left for my clock and xbiff,
# room on the bottom for the Pager.
#IconBox -150 90 -5 -140
#IconBox 5 -140 -140 -5
IconBox -70 1 -1 -140
# If you uncomment this, and make sure that the WindowList is bound to
# something, it works pretty much like an icon manager.
#SuppressIcons
# StubbornIcons makes icons de-iconify into their original position on the
# desktop, instead of on the current page.
#StubbornIcons
# With AutoPlacement, icons will normally place themselves underneath active
# windows. This option changes that.
#StubbornIconPlacement
# If you want ALL you icons to follow you around the desktop (Sticky), try
# this
#StickyIcons
Sticky xbiff
Sticky xpostit
Sticky xclock
NoTitle xbiff
NoTitle xclock
NoTitle xpostit
CirculateSkip xbiff
CirculateSkip xpostit
CirculateSkip xclock
CirculateSkip xconsole
######################## MWM EMULATION #######################
#
# My feeling is that everyone should use MWMDecorHints and MWMFunctionHints,
# since some applications depend on having the window manager respect them
# MWMFunction hints parses the function information in the MOTIF_WM_HINTS
# property, and prohibits use of these functions on the window. Appropriate
# portions of the window decorations are removed.
MWMFunctionHints
# MWM is kinda picky about what can be done to transients, and it was keeping
# me from iconifying some windows that I like to iconify, so here's an
# over-ride that will allow me to do the operation, even tough the menu
# item is shaded out.
MWMHintOverride
# MWMDecor hints parses the decoration information in the MOTIF_WM_HINTS
# property, and removes these decoratons from the window. This does not affect
# the functions that can be performed via the menus.
MWMDecorHints
# These are affect minor aspects for the look-and-feel.
# Sub-menus placement mwm-style?
# MWMMenus
# mwm-style border reliefs (less deep than default fvwm) ?
# MWMBorders
# Maximize button does mwm-inversion thingy
# MWMButtons
######################## MISCELLANEOUS STUFF #######################
# If you don't like the default 150 msec click delay for the complex functions
# change this and uncomment it.
#ClickTime 150
# OpaqueMove has a number (N) attached to it (default 5).
# if the window occupies less than N% of the screen,
# then opaque move is used. 0 <= N <= 100
# OpaqueMove 100
# flip by whole pages on the edge of the screen.
EdgeScroll 100 100
# A modest delay before flipping pages seems to be nice...
# I thresh in a 50 pixel Move-resistance too, just so people
# can try it out.
EdgeResistance 500 500
######################## WINDOW PLACEMENT #######################
# RandomPlacement prevents user interaction while placing windows:
# RandomPlacement
# SmartPlacement makes new windows pop-up in blank regions of screen
# if possible, or falls back to random or interactive placement.
SmartPlacement
# With SmartPlacement, windows will normally place themselves over icons.
# Uncomment this to change that.
#StubbornPlacement
# NoPPosition instructs fvwm to ignore the PPosition field in window
# geometry hints. Emacs annoyingly sets PPosition to (0,0)!
#NoPPosition
######################## DECORATIONS #######################
# If you want decorated transient windows, uncomment this:
#DecorateTransients
###########################################################################
# Set up the virtual desktop and pager
#set the desk top size in units of physical screen size
DeskTopSize 3x3
# and the reduction scale used for the panner/pager
#DeskTopScale 32
##########################################################################
# Module path and paths to the icons
#
# ModulePath is a colon-separated list, just like regular unix PATH
ModulePath /usr/lib/X11/fvwm
PixmapPath /usr/include/X11/pixmaps/
IconPath /usr/include/X11/bitmaps/
############################################################################
# Set the decoration styles and window options
# Order is important!!!!
# If compatible styles are set for a single window in multiple Style
# commands, then the styles are ORed together. If conflicting styles
# are set, the last one specified is used.
# These commands should command before any menus or functions are defined,
# and before the internal pager is started.
# change the default width.
Style "*" BorderWidth 5, HandleWidth 5, Color Black/Grey,Icon unknown1.xpm
Style "Fvwm*" NoTitle, NoHandles, Sticky, WindowListSkip,BorderWidth 0
#Style "Fvwm Pager" StaysOnTop
#Style "FvwmPager" StaysOnTop
#Style "FvwmBanner" StaysOnTop
Style "GoodStuff" NoTitle, NoHandles, Sticky, WindowListSkip,BorderWidth 0
Style "*lock" NoTitle, NoHandles, Sticky, WindowListSkip,BorderWidth 0
Style "xbiff" NoTitle, Sticky, WindowListSkip,BorderWidth 0
Style "xpostit" NoTitle, Sticky,WindowListSkip,BorderWidth 0
Style "*emacs" Icon gnu-animal.xpm
Style "The GIMP" Icon gimp.xpm
Style "*Untitled*" Icon paint3.xpm
Style "Maker" StartsOnDesk 1
Style "matlab" StartsOnDesk 3
Style "signal" StartsOnDesk 3
Style "rxvt" Icon rterm.xpm
Style "xterm Icon xterm.xpm, Color black/grey
Style "Appointment" Icon datebook.xpm, NoButton 2, NoButton 4
Style "xcalc" Icon xcalc.xpm, NoButton 2
#Style "xbiff" Icon mail1.xpm, NoButton 2
Style "xmh" Icon mail1.xpm, StartsOnDesk 2, NoButton 2
Style "xman" Icon xman.xpm
Style "xvgr" Icon graphs.xpm
Style "matlab" Icon math4.xpm
Style "xmag" Icon mag_glass.xpm
Style "xgraph" Icon graphs.xpm
Style "GoodStuff" Icon toolbox.xpm
Style "tcsh" Icon rterm.xpm, Color black/grey
# Change the Maximize and iconify buttons to up and down triangles.
ButtonStyle : 2 4 50x35@1 65x65@0 35x65@0 50x35@1
ButtonStyle : 4 4 50x65@1 35x35@1 65x35@1 50x65@0
#############################################################################
# Stuff to do at start-up
Function "InitFunction"
Module "I" FvwmPager 0 0
# Exec "I" xpmroot /usr/include/X11/pixmaps/fvwm.xpm &
# Module "I" GoodStuff
Exec "I" exec rxvt -bg black -fg grey -geometry 80x64+0+0 -sb -sl 2000 -C -t Console &
# Wait "I" xterm
# Desk "I" 0 2
# Exec "I" exec xterm -geometry +0+0 &
# Wait "I" xterm
# Desk "I" 0 0
Exec "I" xsetroot -solid "#266294"
EndFunction
Function "RestartFunction"
Exec "I" xsetroot -solid "#266294"
Module "I" FvwmPager 0 0
EndFunction
############################################################################
# Now define some handy complex functions
# This one moves and then raises the window if you drag the mouse,
# only raises the window if you click, or does a RaiseLower if you double
# click
Function "Move-or-Raise"
Move "Motion"
Raise "Motion"
Raise "Click"
RaiseLower "DoubleClick"
EndFunction
# This one maximizes vertically if you click (leaving room for the GoodStuff bar at the
# bottom, or does a full maximization if you double click, or a true full vertical
# maximization if you just hold the mouse button down.
Function "maximize_func"
Maximize "Motion" 0 100
Maximize "Click" 0 80
Maximize "DoubleClick" 100 100
EndFunction
# This one moves and then lowers the window if you drag the mouse,
# only lowers the window if you click, or does a RaiseLower if you double
# click
Function "Move-or-Lower"
Move "Motion"
Lower "Motion"
Lower "Click"
RaiseLower "DoubleClick"
EndFunction
# This one moves or (de)iconifies:
Function "Move-or-Iconify"
Move "Motion"
Iconify "DoubleClick"
EndFunction
# This one resizes and then raises the window if you drag the mouse,
# only raises the window if you click, or does a RaiseLower if you double
# click
Function "Resize-or-Raise"
Resize "Motion"
Raise "Motion"
Raise "Click"
RaiseLower "DoubleClick"
EndFunction
# This is provided as a hint only.
# Move to a known page on the desktop, then start an application in a
# known location. Could also switch to a known desktop, I guess
#Function "abs_coord"
# GoToPage "Immediate" 1,1
# Exec "Immediate" exec xcalc -geometry +100+100&
#EndFunction
##############################################################################
#now define the menus - defer bindings until later
# This menu is invoked as a sub-menu - it allows you to quit,
# restart, or switch to another WM.
Popup "Fvwm-Functions"
Title "Fvwm Functions"
Nop ""
Nop ""
Exec "Xlock" exec xlock -mode random
Nop ""
Restart "Restart Fvwm" fvwm
Nop ""
Restart "Start Fvwm95" /usr/X11R6/bin/fvwm95-2
Restart "Start twm" twm
Restart "Start tvtwm" tvtwm
Restart "Start mwm" mwm
Restart "Start olwm" /usr/openwin/bin/olwm
Restart "Start KDE" kwm
Nop ""
Quit "Yes, Really Quit"
EndPopup
Popup "Places"
Title "Places"
EndPopup
PopUp "Games"
Title "Games"
Exec "Xevil" xevil &
Exec "Xkobo" xkobo &
Exec "MahJong" xmahjongg &
Exec "MirrorMagic" mirrormagic &
Exec "Asteroids" xasteroids &
EndPopUp
# This menu will fire up some very common utilities
Popup "Main"
Title "Main"
Nop ""
Popup "Places" Places
Popup "Fvwm Functions" Fvwm-Functions
PopUp "Games" Games
Nop ""
Exec "Rxvt" exec rxvt -bg white -fg black -fn 9x15 -sb -sl 2000 -e bash &
Exec "BIG Rxvt" exec rxvt -bg white -fg black -fn 10x20 -sb -sl 2000 -e bash &
Exec "Reverse Rxvt" exec rxvt -bg black -fg white -fn 10x20 -sb -sl 2000 -e bash
Nop ""
Exec "Netscape" exec netscape &
Exec "Xv" exec xv &
Nop ""
Exec "XEmacs" exec xemacs &
Exec "Calculator" exec xcalc &
Exec "Xman" exec xman &
Exec "Xmag" exec xmag &
EndPopup
# This defines the most common window operations
Popup "Window Ops"
Title "Window Ops"
Function "Move" Move-or-Raise
Function "Resize" Resize-or-Raise
Raise "Raise"
Lower "Lower"
Iconify "(De)Iconify"
Stick "(Un)Stick"
Function "(Un)Maximize" maximize_func
Nop ""
Destroy "Destroy"
Close "Close"
Nop ""
Refresh "Refresh Screen"
EndPopup
# A trimmed down version of "Window Ops", good for binding to decorations
Popup "Window Ops2"
Function "Move" Move-or-Raise
Function "Resize" Resize-or-Raise
Raise "Raise"
Lower "Lower"
Iconify "Iconify"
Stick "(Un)Stick"
Nop ""
Destroy "Destroy"
Close "Close"
Nop ""
EndPopup
#############################################################################
# One more complex function - couldn't be defined earlier because it used
# pop-up menus
#
# This creates a motif-ish sticky menu for the title-bar window-ops
# pop-up
# Menu acts like normal twm menu if you just hold the button down,
# but if you click instead, the menu stays up, motif style
Function "window_ops_func"
PopUp "Click" Window Ops2
PopUp "Motion" Window Ops2
# Motif would add:
# I'll add it too, it can be mighty handy.
Close "DoubleClick"
EndFunction
##############################################################################
# This defines the mouse bindings
# First, for the mouse in the root window
# Button 1 gives the Utilities menu
# Button 2 gives the Window Ops menu
# Button 3 gives the WindowList (like TwmWindows)
# I use the AnyModifier (A) option for the modifier field, so you can hold down
# any shift-control-whatever combination you want!
# Button Context Modifi Function
Mouse 1 R N PopUp "Main"
Mouse 2 R N PopUp "Window Ops"
Mouse 3 R N PopUp "Places"
Mouse 1 R C PopUp "Fvwm-Functions"
Mouse 2 R C PopUp "Games"
# Now the title bar buttons
# Any button in the left title-bar button gives the window ops menu
# Any button in the right title-bar button Iconifies the window
# Any button in the rightmost title-bar button maximizes
# Note the use of "Mouse 0" for AnyButton.
# Button Context Modifi Function
Mouse 0 1 A Function "window_ops_func"
Mouse 0 2 A Function "maximize_func"
Mouse 0 4 A Iconify
# Now the rest of the frame
# Here I invoke my complex functions for Move-or-lower, Move-or-raise,
# and Resize-or-Raise.
# Button 1 in the corner pieces, with any modifiers, gives resize or raise
Mouse 1 F A Function "Resize-or-Raise"
# Button 1 in the title, sides, or icon, w/ any modifiers, gives move or raise
Mouse 1 TS A Function "Move-or-Raise"
# Button 1 in an icons gives move for a drag, de-iconify for a double-click,
# nothing for a single click
# Button 2 in an icon, w/ any modifiers, gives de-iconify
Mouse 1 I A Function "Move-or-Iconify"
Mouse 2 I A Iconify
# Button 2 in the corners, sides, or title-bar gives the window ops menu
Mouse 2 FST A Function "window_ops_func"
# Button 3 anywhere in the decoration (except the title-bar buttons)
# does a raise-lower
Mouse 3 TSIF A RaiseLower
# Button 3 in the window, with the Modifier-1 key (usually alt or diamond)
# gives Raise-Lower. Used to use control here, but that interferes with xterm
Mouse 3 W M RaiseLower
############################################################################
# Now some keyboard shortcuts.
# Arrow Keys
# press arrow + control anywhere, and scroll by 1 page
Key Left A C Scroll -100 0
Key Right A C Scroll +100 +0
Key Up A C Scroll +0 -100
Key Down A C Scroll +0 +100
# press arrow + meta key, and scroll by 1/10 of a page
Key Left A M Scroll -10 +0
Key Right A M Scroll +10 +0
Key Up A M Scroll +0 -10
Key Down A M Scroll +0 +10
# Keyboard accelerators
Key F1 A M Popup "Main"
Key F1 A M Popup "Main"
Key F2 A M Popup "Window Ops"
Key F4 A M Iconify
Key F5 A M Move
Key F6 A M Resize
Key F7 A M CirculateUp
Key Tab A M CirculateDown
Key Tab A M CirculateUp
#Page Up/Dapge Down keys are used to scroll by one desktop page
# in any context, press page up/down + control
# in root context, just pressing page up/down is OK
#
# I prefer the non-wrapping scroll. These are for example purposes only
#Key Next A C Scroll 100000 0
#Key Next R N Scroll 100000 0
#Key Prior A C Scroll -100000 0
#Key Prior R N Scroll -100000 0
############################################################################
############################################################################
#Definitions used by the modules
###################### GoodStuff button-bar ################################
# Colors
*GoodStuffFore Black
*GoodStuffBack #908090
# Font
*GoodStuffFont -adobe-helvetica-bold-r-*-*-10-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
# Geometry - really likes to pick its own size, but giving a position is OK
*GoodStuffGeometry -1-1
# Layout: specify rows or columns, not both
*GoodStuffRows 2
# Define the buttons to use.....
*GoodStuff Kill rbomb.xpm Destroy
# xterm or rxvts on remote machines can be done like this
# Output re-direction is csh style, not sh style
# You will want to substitute your own hosts here!
*GoodStuff Dopey rterm.xpm Exec "" rsh dopey "exec xterm -T dopey -display $HOSTDISPLAY </dev/null >&/dev/null & "&
*GoodStuff Grumpy rterm.xpm Exec "" rsh grumpy "exec xterm -T grumpy -display $HOSTDISPLAY </dev/null >&/dev/null & "&
*GoodStuff Snoopy rterm.xpm Exec "" rsh snoopy "exec xterm -T snoopy -display $HOSTDISPLAY </dev/null >&/dev/null & "&
*GoodStuff Xcalc rcalc.xpm Exec "" xcalc &
*GoodStuff mail mail2.xpm Exec "" xmh &
*GoodStuff Paging clamp.xpm TogglePage
*GoodStuff - clock.xpm Swallow "xclock" xclock -bg \#908090 -geometry -1500-1500 -padding 0
*GoodStuff(4x1) - whatever SwallowModule "FvwmPager" FvwmPager 0 3
######################### No Clutter ########################################
# I only wrote NoClutter as a simple test case, but maybe some big sites like
# universities really have usage problems (too many open windows)....
# Time delays are in seconds.
*FvwmNoClutter 3600 Iconify 1
*FvwmNoClutter 86400 Delete
*FvwmNoCLutter 172800 Destroy
########################## Window-Identifier ###############################
# Just choose colors and a fonts
*FvwmIdentBack MidnightBlue
*FvwmIdentFore Yellow
*FvwmIdentFont -adobe-helvetica-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
########################### Pager #########################################
*FvwmPagerBack grey
*FvwmPagerFore #484048
*FvwmPagerFont -adobe-helvetica-bold-r-*-*-10-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
*FvwmPagerHilight #cab3ca
*FvwmPagerGeometry -925-1
*FvwmPagerSmallFont 5x8
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