Ich bin auf der List und benötige keine CC's
Am 2004-10-04 19:11:01, schrieb Robert Vincenz:
> Michelle Konzack wrote:
>
> >Die tauchen genauso wie USB-Sticks/Keys als "sd(a-z)XX" auf
> >
> >Einfach insmod "usb-storage"
> >
> >
> Da bekomme ich ein Befehl nicht gefunden.
Installation kaputt ?
____ ( -c 'man insmod' ) _____________________________________________
/
| INSMOD(8) Linux Module Support INSMOD(8)
|
|
|
| NNAAMMEE
| insmod - install loadable kernel module
|
| SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
| iinnssmmoodd [-fhkLmnpqrsSvVxXyY] [-e _p_e_r_s_i_s_t___n_a_m_e]
| [-o _m_o_d_u_l_e___n_a_m_e] [-O _b_l_o_b___n_a_m_e] [-P _p_r_e_f_i_x] _m_o_d_u_l_e
| [ ssyymmbbooll=_v_a_l_u_e ... ]
|
| DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
| iinnssmmoodd installs a loadable module in the running kernel.
|
| iinnssmmoodd tries to link a module into the running kernel by
| resolving all symbols from the kernel's exported symbol
| table.
|
| If the module file name is given without directories or
| extension, iinnssmmoodd will search for the module in some
| common default directories. The environment variable
| MMOODDPPAATTHH can be used to override this default. If a module
| configuration file such as _/_e_t_c_/_m_o_d_u_l_e_s_._c_o_n_f exists, it
| will override the paths defined in MMOODDPPAATTHH.
|
| The environment variable MMOODDUULLEECCOONNFF can also be used to
| select a different configuration file from the default
| _/_e_t_c_/_m_o_d_u_l_e_s_._c_o_n_f (or _/_e_t_c_/_c_o_n_f_._m_o_d_u_l_e_s (deprecated)).
| This environment variable will override all the
| definitions above.
|
| OOPPTTIIOONNSS
| --ee _p_e_r_s_i_s_t___n_a_m_e, ----ppeerrssiisstt=_p_e_r_s_i_s_t___n_a_m_e
| Specifies where any persistent data for the module
| is read from on load and written to when this
| instantiantion of the module is unloaded. This
| option is silently ignored if the module has no
| persistent data. Persistent data is only read by
| iinnssmmoodd if this option is present, by default iinnssmmoodd
| does not process persistent data.
|
| As a shorthand form, --ee """" (an empty string) is
| interpreted by iinnssmmoodd as the value of ppeerrssiissttddiirr as
| defined in _m_o_d_u_l_e_s_._c_o_n_f, followed by the filename
| of the module relative to the module search path it
| was found in, minus any trailing ".gz", ".o" or
| ".mod". If mmoodduulleess..ccoonnff specifies "ppeerrssiissttddiirr =="
| (i.e. ppeerrssiissttddiirr is an empty field) then this
| shorthand form is silently ignored. (See
| mmoodduulleess..ccoonnff (5).)
|
| --ff, ----ffoorrccee
| Attempt load the module even if the version of the
| running kernel and the version of the kernel for
| which the module was compiled do not match. This
| only overrides the kernel version check, it has no
| effect on symbol name checks. If the symbol names
| in the module do not match the kernel then there is
| no way to force iinnssmmoodd to load the module.
|
| --hh, ----hheellpp
| Display a summary of options and immediately exit.
|
| --kk, ----aauuttoocclleeaann
| Set the auto-clean flag on the module. This flag
| will be used by kkeerrnneelldd(8) to remove modules that
| have not been used in some period of time --
| usually one minute.
|
| --LL, ----lloocckk
| Use fflloocckk(2) to prevent simultaneous loads of the
| same module.
|
| --mm, ----mmaapp
| Output a load map on stdout, making it easier to
| debug the module in the event of a kernel panic.
|
| --nn, ----nnoollooaadd
| Dummy run, do everything except load the module
| into the kernel. If requested by an --mm or --OO, the
| run will produce a map or blob file. Since the
| module is not loaded, the real kernel load address
| is unknown so the map and blob file are based on an
| arbitrary load address of 0x12340000.
|
| --oo _m_o_d_u_l_e___n_a_m_e, ----nnaammee=_m_o_d_u_l_e___n_a_m_e
| Explicitly name the module, rather than deriving
| the name from the base name of the source object
| file.
|
| --OO _b_l_o_b___n_a_m_e, ----bblloobb=_b_l_o_b___n_a_m_e
| Save the binary object in _b_l_o_b___n_a_m_e. The result is
| a binary blob (no ELF headers) showing exactly what
| is loaded into the kernel after section
| manipulation and relocation. Option --mm is
| recommended to get a map of the object.
|
| --pp, ----pprroobbee
| Probe the module to see if it could be successfully
| loaded. This includes locating the object file in
| the module path, checking version numbers, and
| resolving symbols. It does not check the
| relocations nor does it produce a map or blob file.
|
| --PP _p_r_e_f_i_x, ----pprreeffiixx=_p_r_e_f_i_x
| This option can be used with versioned modules for
| an SMP or bigmem kernel, since such modules have an
| extra prefix added in their symbol names. If the
| kernel was built with symbol versions then iinnssmmoodd
| will automatically extract the prefix from the
| definition of "get_module_symbol" or
| "inter_module_get", one of which must exist in any
| kernel that supports modules. If the kernel has no
| symbol versions but the module was built with
| symbol versions then the user must supply --PP.
|
| --qq, ----qquuiieett
| Do not print a list of any unresolved symbols. Do
| not complain about version mismatch. The problem
| will only be reflected in the exit status of
| iinnssmmoodd.
|
| --rr, ----rroooott
| Some users compile modules under a non-root userid
| then install the modules as root. This process can
| leave the modules owned by the non-root userid,
| even though the modules directory is owned by root.
| If the non-root userid is compromised, an intruder
| can overwrite existing modules owned by that userid
| and use this exposure to bootstrap up to root
| access.
|
| By default, modutils will reject attempts to use a
| module that is not owned by root. Specifying -r
| will toggle the check and allow root to load
| modules that are not owned by root. NNoottee:: the
| default value for root check can be changed when
| modutils is configured.
|
| UUssee ooff --rr ttoo ddiissaabbllee rroooott cchheecckkiinngg oorr sseettttiinngg tthhee
| ddeeffaauulltt ttoo ""nnoo rroooott cchheecckk"" aatt ccoonnffiigguurraattiioonn ttiimmee iiss
| aa mmaajjoorr sseeccuurriittyy eexxppoossuurree aanndd iiss nnoott rreeccoommmmeennddeedd..
|
| --ss, ----ssyysslloogg
| Output everything to ssyysslloogg(3) instead of the
| terminal.
|
| --SS, ----kkaallllssyymmss
| Force the loaded module to have kkaallllssyymmss data, even
| if the kernel does not support it. This option is
| for small systems where the kernel is loaded
| without kkaallllssyymmss data but selected modules need
| kkaallllssyymmss for debugging.
|
| --vv, ----vveerrbboossee
| Be verbose.
|
| --VV, ----vveerrssiioonn
| Display the version of iinnssmmoodd.
|
| --XX, ----eexxppoorrtt; --xx, ----nnooeexxppoorrtt
| Do and do not export all of the module's external
| symbols, respectively. The default is for the
| symbols to be exported. This option is only
| effective if the module does not explicitly export
| its own controlled symbol table, and thus is
| deprecated.
|
| --YY, ----kkssyymmooooppss; --yy, ----nnookkssyymmooooppss
| Do and do not add kkssyymmooooppss symbols to ksyms. These
| symbols are used by kkssyymmooooppss to provide better
| debugging if there is an Oops in this module. The
| default is for the kkssyymmooooppss symbols to be defined.
| This option is independent of the --XX/--xx options.
|
| kkssyymmooooppss symbols add approximately 260 bytes per
| loaded module. Unless you are really short on
| kernel space and are trying to reduce ksyms to its
| minimum size, take the default and get more
| accurate Oops debugging. kkssyymmooooppss symbols are
| required to save persistent module data.
|
| MMOODDUULLEE PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS
| Some modules accept load-time parameters to customize
| their operation. These parameters are often I/O port and
| IRQ numbers that vary from machine to machine and cannot
| be determined from the hardware.
|
| In modules built for 2.0 series kernels, any integer or
| character pointer symbol may be treated as a parameter and
| modified. Beginning in the 2.1 series kernels, symbols
| are explicitly marked as parameters so that only specific
| values may be changed. Furthermore type information is
| provided for checking the values provided at load time.
|
| In the case of integers, all values may be in decimal,
| octal or hexadecimal a la C: 17, 021 or 0x11. Array
| elements are specified sequence separated by commas.
| Elements can be skipped by omitting the value.
|
| In 2.0 series modules, values that do not begin with a
| number are considered strings. Beginning in 2.1, the
| parameter's type information indicates whether to
| interpret the value as a string. If the value begins with
| double-quotes (""), the string is interpreted as in C,
| escape sequences and all. Do note that from the shell
| prompt, the quotes themselves may need to be protected
| from shell interpretation.
|
| GGPPLL LLIICCEENNSSEEDD MMOODDUULLEESS AANNDD SSYYMMBBOOLLSS
| Starting with kernel 2.4.10, modules should have a license
| string, defined using MMOODDUULLEE__LLIICCEENNSSEE(()). Several strings
| are recognised as being GPL compatible; any other license
| string or no license at all means that the module is
| treated as proprietary. See _i_n_c_l_u_d_e_/_l_i_n_u_x_/_m_o_d_u_l_e_._h for a
| list of GPL compatible license strings.
|
| If the kernel supports the _/_p_r_o_c_/_s_y_s_/_k_e_r_n_e_l_/_t_a_i_n_t_e_d flag
| then iinnssmmoodd will OR the tainted flag with '1' when loading
| a module without a GPL license. A warning is issued if
| the kernel supports tainting and a module is loaded
| without a license. A warning is always issued for modules
| which have a MMOODDUULLEE__LLIICCEENNSSEE(()) that is not GPL compatible,
| even on older kernels that do not support tainting. This
| minimizes warnings when a new modutils is used on older
| kernels.
|
| iinnssmmoodd --ff (force) mode will OR the tainted flag with '2'
| on kernels that support tainting. It always issues a
| warning.
|
| Some kernel developers require that symbols exported by
| their code must only be used by modules with a GPL
| compatible license. These symbols are exported by
| EEXXPPOORRTT__SSYYMMBBOOLL__GGPPLL instead of the normal EEXXPPOORRTT__SSYYMMBBOOLL.
| GPL-only symbols exported by the kernel and by other
| modules are only visible to modules with a GPL-compatible
| license, these symbols appear in _/_p_r_o_c_/_k_s_y_m_s with a prefix
| of 'GGPPLLOONNLLYY__'. iinnssmmoodd ignores the GGPPLLOONNLLYY__ prefix on
| symbols while loading a GPL licensed module so the module
| just refers to the normal symbol name, without the prefix.
| GPL only symbols are not made available to modules without
| a GPL compatible license, this includes modules with no
| license at all.
|
| KKSSYYMMOOOOPPSS AASSSSIISSTTAANNCCEE
| To assist with debugging of kernel Oops when using
| modules, iinnssmmoodd defaults to adding some symbols to ksyms,
| see the --YY option. These symbols start with
| ____iinnssmmoodd__mmoodduulleennaammee__. The _m_o_d_u_l_e_n_a_m_e is required to make
| the symbols unique. It is legal to load the same object
| more than once under different module names. Currently
| defined symbols are:
|
| ____iinnssmmoodd__mmoodduulleennaammee__OOoobbjjeeccttffiillee__MMmmttiimmee__VVvveerrssiioonn
| _o_b_j_e_c_t_f_i_l_e is the name of the file that the object
| was loaded from. This ensures that ksymoops can
| match the code to the correct object. _m_t_i_m_e is the
| last modified timestamp on that file in hex, zero
| if stat failed. _v_e_r_s_i_o_n is the kernel version that
| the module was compiled for, -1 if no version is
| available. The __OO symbol has the same start
| address as the module header.
|
| ____iinnssmmoodd__mmoodduulleennaammee__SSsseeccttiioonnnnaammee__LLlleennggtthh
| This symbol appears at the start of selected ELF
| sections, currently .text, .rodata, .data and .bss.
| It only appears if the section has a non-zero size.
| _s_e_c_t_i_o_n_n_a_m_e is the name of the ELF section, _l_e_n_g_t_h
| is the length of the section in decimal. These
| symbols help ksymoops map addresses to sections
| when no symbols are available.
|
| ____iinnssmmoodd__mmoodduulleennaammee__PPppeerrssiisstteenntt__ffiilleennaammee
| Only created by iinnssmmoodd if the module has one or
| more parameters that are marked as persistent data
| and a filename to save persistent data (see --ee,
| above) is available.
|
| The other problem with debugging kernel Oops in modules is
| that the contents of _/_p_r_o_c_/_k_s_y_m_s and _/_p_r_o_c_/_m_o_d_u_l_e_s can
| change between the Oops and when you process the log file.
| To help overcome this problem, if the directory
| _/_v_a_r_/_l_o_g_/_k_s_y_m_o_o_p_s exists then iinnssmmoodd and rrmmmmoodd will
| automatically copy _/_p_r_o_c_/_k_s_y_m_s and _/_p_r_o_c_/_m_o_d_u_l_e_s to
| _/_v_a_r_/_l_o_g_/_k_s_y_m_o_o_p_s with a prefix of `date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`.
| The system administrator can tell kkssyymmooooppss which snapshot
| files to use when debugging an Oops. There is no switch
| to disable this automatic copy. If you do not want it to
| occur, do not create _/_v_a_r_/_l_o_g_/_k_s_y_m_o_o_p_s. If that directory
| exists, it should be owned by root and be mode 644 or 600
| and you should run this script every day or so. The
| script below is installed as iinnssmmoodd__kkssyymmooooppss__cclleeaann.
|
| #!/bin/sh
| # Delete saved ksyms and modules not accessed in 2 days
| if [ -d /var/log/ksymoops ]
| then
| set -e
| # Make sure there is always at least one version
| d=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`
| cp -a /proc/ksyms /var/log/ksymoops/${d}.ksyms
| cp -a /proc/modules /var/log/ksymoops/${d}.modules
| find /var/log/ksymoops -type f -atime +2 -exec rm {} \;
| fi
|
| SSEEEE AALLSSOO
| rrmmmmoodd(8), mmooddpprroobbee(8), ddeeppmmoodd(8), llssmmoodd(8), kkssyymmss(8),
| mmoodduulleess(2), ggeennkkssyymmss(8), kkeerrnneelldd(8), kkssyymmooooppss(kernel).
|
| BBUUGGSS
| iinnssmmoodd [--VV | ----vveerrssiioonn] should display version information
| and then exit immediately. Instead, it prints the version
| information and behaves as if no options were given.
|
| HHIISSTTOORRYY
| Module support was first conceived by Anonymous
| Initial Linux version by Bas Laarhoven <bas@vimec.nl>
| Version 0.99.14 by Jon Tombs <jon@gtex02.us.es>
| Extended by Bjorn Ekwall <bj0rn@blox.se>
| Original ELF help from Eric Youngdale <eric@aib.com>
| Rewritten for 2.1.17 by Richard Henderson <rth@tamu.edu>
| Extended by Bjorn Ekwall <bj0rn@blox.se> for
| modutils-2.2.*, March 1999
| Assistance for ksymoops by Keith Owens <kaos@ocs.com.au>,
| May 1999
| Maintainer: Keith Owens <kaos@ocs.com.au>.
|
|
|
| Linux January 30, 2002 INSMOD(8)
\______________________________________________________________________
> Robert Vincenz
Greetings
Michelle
--
Linux-User #280138 with the Linux Counter, http://counter.li.org/
Michelle Konzack Apt. 917 ICQ #328449886
50, rue de Soultz MSM LinuxMichi
0033/3/88452356 67100 Strasbourg/France IRC #Debian (irc.icq.com)
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