I did a bunch more testing, for fun:Where host --> guest chroot using `fakeroot fakechroot debootstrap --variant=fakechroot guest guest`
Jammy --> Stable: fail Jammy --> Jammy: success Jammy --> Testing: fail Jammy --> Noble: fail Stable --> Stable: success Stable¹ --> Jammy: fail Stable --> Testing: fail Stable¹ --> Noble: fail Noble --> Stable: success Noble --> Jammy: fail Noble --> Testing: fail Noble --> Noble: fail Testing --> Stable: success Testing --> Jammy: fail Testing --> Testing: fail Testing --> Noble: fail Unstable --> Stable: success Unstable --> Jammy: fail Unstable --> Testing: fail Unstable --> Noble: fail Unstable --> Unstable: fail¹ Using patched Ubuntu git head to make it find the release (https://code.launchpad.net/~kennybobs/ubuntu/+source/debootstrap/+git/debootstrap)
The way in which the failures occur vary, which suggests multiple bugs. If there's any interest I will separate these into individual bug reports.
Some of the failures are the same as in the OP (base-files/base-passwd), but those are in the Ubuntu releases. The failures in the Debian --> Testing tests seem related to cron-daemon-common, though the failure appears to be in systemd-sysusers so it might actually be the same bug.
Jammy: debootstrap 1.0.126+nmu1ubuntu0.5, fakeroot 1.28-1ubuntu1, fakechroot 2.20.1+ds-2 Stable: debootstrap 1.0.128+nmu2+deb12u1, fakeroot 1.31-1.2, fakechroot 2.20.1+ds-15
Noble: debootstrap 1.0.134ubuntu1, fakeroot 1.33-1, fakechroot 2.20.1+ds-15 Testing: debootstrap 1.0.134, fakeroot 1.33-1, fakechroot 2.20.1+ds-15 Unstable: debootstrap 1.0.134, fakeroot 1.33-1, fakechroot 2.20.1+ds-15 Success rates debootstrap 1.0.126+nmu1ubuntu0.5 (1/4) debootstrap 1.0.128+nmu2+deb12u1 (1/2) debootstrap 1.0.134ubuntu1² (1/6) debootstrap 1.0.134 (2/9) fakeroot 1.28-1ubuntu1 (1/4) fakeroot 1.31-1.2 (1/4) fakeroot 1.33-1 (3/13) fakechroot 2.20.1+ds-15 (3/13) fakechroot 2.20.1+ds-2 (1/4) Success rates (base versions) debootstrap 1.0.126 (1/4) debootstrap 1.0.128 (1/2) debootstrap 1.0.134² (3/13) fakeroot 1.28 (1/4) fakeroot 1.31 (1/4) fakeroot 1.33 (3/13) fakechroot 2.20.1 (4/21) ² Including patched Ubuntu git head (above)So it looks like the newer release of debootstrap are the more successful, which was probably expected. At this point I don't know what part fakeroot might play.
I won't bother testing any older versions unless it would be considered useful.
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