Following a discussion on IRC it looks like a symbols conflict, due to kwin libs leaking some symbols that should be private.
zzag explained the following :
zzag | coucouf1: check whether rebuilding kwin with the newer libwayland helps. I suspect that there are two wl_shm_interface symbols and the wrong one (outdated) is being used
zzag | coucouf1: I think there are two wl_shm_interface symbols: one in libkwin (generated by qtwaylandscanner), and one from libwayland-server
zzag | my guess is that wl_display_init_shm() picks up libkwin's wl_shm_interface
zzag | which has version 1
zzag | in plasma 6, kwin doesn't use wl_display_init_shm(), so I think it should not be affected by that issue
karenthedorf mentioned she wrote a patch for ECM to avoid this in the future, and that it’s been merged :
https://invent.kde.org/frameworks/extra-cmake-modules/-/merge_requests/447