...or drop this Recommends: entirely (IIRC circular Depends/Recommends are discouraged because they confuse apt's autoremover, though I can't find where I saw that).* nvidia-kernel-dkms: Switch to Recommends: nvidia-driver | libcuda1 to break the chain libcuda1 -> nvidia-kernel-dkms -> nvidia-driver.
Cutting the chain here (tested with "apt-get install nvidia-libopencl1 nvidia-driver-", the - after a package means "remove/don't install") does still allow much of nvidia-* (including nvidia-kernel-dkms and glx-alternative-nvidia) to be installed, but that appears to be harmless without libgl1-nvidia-glx (at least on my Intel IvyBridge M GT2, both graphics and OpenCL continue to work after rebooting).
Given that the error on loading nvidia-opencl-icd in a non-Nvidia system is modprobe: ERROR: could not insert 'nvidia_current': No such deviceit is plausible that nvidia-opencl-icd uses the nvidia kernel module (i.e. nvidia-kernel-dkms | nvidia-kernel-<version>) and as such _should_ pull it in (whether or not it also needs libcuda1), while #768185 suggests that nvidia-opencl-icd works without the graphics side (can someone check that?), making this the more correct place to cut the chain.