Re: systemd may silently break your system!
On Mon 29 Jul 2024 at 11:24:25 (+0200), Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> On 2024-07-28 22:26:10 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> > On Sun 28 Jul 2024 at 16:43:01 (+0200), Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > > On 2024-07-28 00:07:56 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> > > > It looks accidental to me that systemd did that tidying up before
> > > > procps had attempted to remove the file that it (procps) owned.
> > >
> > > No, the breakage was done on purpose: my bug report specifically
> > > about this breakage by systemd was closed in a rather abrupt way:
> > >
> > > https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1077184
> >
> > I only wrote that the /order/ was accidental:
>
> If this were accidental, the bug should have been left open.
I agree with the syslogd maintainer: if you want to use what you had
in /etc/sysctl.conf, place it in one or more of the appropriate
directories, like /etc/sysctl.d/. Closing that bug seems fine.
I think the bug is in procps, and I see that your bug is open:
https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1077187
However, I'd be complaining about how upgrading procps disposes of
/etc/sysctl.conf, because it was a conffile and is one no longer.
I see that that bug has been reported, that there might be a fix
coming, and that you have contributed to that report (#1076352).
> > upgrading systemd before
> > procps had removed its conffile. When the latter happens, you should
> > get asked about that conffile, and if not, then that's surely a bug
> > in procps, not systemd: procps owned the file, so procps disowned it.
> >
> > In fact, here's procps disowning /etc/sysctl.conf:
> >
> > procps (2:4.0.4-5) unstable; urgency=medium
> >
> > * Add Recommends: linux-sysctl-defaults Closes: #1074156
> > * Remove /etc/sysctl.conf as using /etc/sysctl.d/*.conf is better
> >
> > (the top of /usr/share/doc/procps/changelog.Debian.gz 4.0.4-5)
>
> It was clear in my bug report that this applies only to new
> installations.
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> The /etc/sysctl.conf file is no longer read, while I have security
> settings there.
>
> I suspect that the cause is
>
> * Drop /etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf symlink procps no longer ships
> /etc/sysctl.conf (Closes: #1076190)
>
> which is wrong!
>
> cventin:~> dpkg -S /etc/sysctl.conf
> procps: /etc/sysctl.conf
>
> with procps 2:4.0.4-5.
>
> Perhaps procps no longer ships /etc/sysctl.conf *by default*, but
> existing installations still have it (a machine I installed in
> January still has this file).
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yes, you mean new installations of procps. But if procps has not been
upgraded and taken some action wrt your /etc/sysctl.conf, then there's
a risk in upgrading syslogd, which assumes procps has done so as it ought.
That's a risk of running unstable: package upgrades might occur in the
wrong order, and one needs to report bugs like #1076352.
> > > > > > > > As it turns out, it's a combination of the two packages. In bookworm,
> > > > > > > > /etc/sysctl.conf is a Conffile of the procps package, and
> > > > > > > > /etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf is a regular file (non-Conffile) of
> > > > > > > > the systemd package.
> > > >
> > > > That symlink was suggested as legacy support for reading the conf file
> > > > over a decade ago. Bullseye's man 8 sysctl indicates it still reads
> > > > /etc/sysctl.conf with its --system option, but bookworm lacks that
> > ↑↑↑↑↑↑↑↑ trixie
> > > > manpage, and instead its man 5 sysctl.d lists only files residing
> > > > in …/sysctl.d/ directories as being read; hence the legacy symlink.
> > >
> > > No, I have a bookworm machine, and the sysctl.conf(5) man page is
> > > still there (in addition to the sysctl.d(5) man page).
> >
> > Sorry, I meant to write trixie, not bookworm; stable and oldstable are
> > the same. Your complaint is with unstable.
>
> But unstable will migrate to trixie. Nothing has been done yet to
> remove the man page (and references to /etc/sysctl.conf).
I'm guessing it might not be the only documentation lagging behind
the software it describes.
> > > No, this is not sufficient. During an upgrade, a package is allowed
> > > to do a merge of the new defaults (this occurs quite frequently).
> >
> > That doesn't square with Policy, and this typical dialogue that
> > we've all seen:
> >
> > Configuration file `foo'
> > ==> Modified (by you or by a script) since installation.
> > ==> Package distributor has shipped an updated version.
> > What would you like to do about it ? Your options are:
> > Y or I : install the package maintainer's version
> > N or O : keep your currently-installed version
> > D : show the differences between the versions
> > Z : start a shell to examine the situation
> > The default action is to keep your current version.
> > *** foo (Y/I/N/O/D/Z) [default=N] ?
> >
> > Might your merges apply to configuration files rather than conffiles?
>
> There are several ways to update the configuration in an upgrade.
> Not every package uses this method.
This is the only way for conffiles that have been modified. When they
haven't been modified, the upgrade has the freedom to replace them or
whatever. An unmodified /etc/sysctl.conf can be safely removed because
it's functionally empty in bookworm.
I have no idea whether the rules are always followed in unstable.
Again, I'm only writing of conffiles, not configuration files.
> > I would file a bug against procps rather than systemd, for dropping
> > the conffile status of /etc/sysctl.conf. Once you upgrade to Debian's
> > 4.0.4-5, that file becomes just any old file that you happen to have
> > under /etc/, and I don't see why systemd should be obliged to retain
> > the legacy symlink any longer.
>
> No, after the upgrade to 4.0.4-5, /etc/sysctl.conf was still seen
> as a conffile (and there wasn't any announcement of a change).
I don't know where dpkg gets that bug-reported information from.
Obviously I can only see what's in the package itself, not what's on
your system.
$ md5sum procps_4.0.4-5_amd64.deb
bfddcfddca4eb6149f95962fc1196e96 procps_4.0.4-5_amd64.deb
$ dpkg-deb -I procps_4.0.4-5_amd64.deb conffiles
/etc/init.d/procps
/etc/sysctl.d/README.sysctl
$ dpkg-deb -c procps_4.0.4-5_amd64.deb > /tmp/procps_4.0.4-5_amd64.contents
$
(attached)
> So
> there wasn't any apparent bug in procps.
Odd, then, that Craig Small is discussing a fix and a 4.0.4-6.
(Unless by apparent you mean "I didn't see the bug coming."
Well, no, that's what bugs do, pop up without notice.)
Cheers,
David.
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-rw-r--r-- root/root 1310 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/pt_BR/man1/uptime.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1751 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/pt_BR/man1/w.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 3076 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/pt_BR/man1/watch.1.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/pt_BR/man5/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1335 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/pt_BR/man5/sysctl.conf.5.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/pt_BR/man8/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2431 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/pt_BR/man8/sysctl.8.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2763 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/pt_BR/man8/vmstat.8.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2423 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/free.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1794 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/kill.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 3858 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/pgrep.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1519 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/pidof.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1352 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/pmap.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 17644 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/ps.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 757 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/pwdx.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1918 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/skill.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2107 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/slabtop.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1147 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/tload.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 40395 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/top.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1342 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/uptime.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1814 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/w.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 3190 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man1/watch.1.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man3/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 3122 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man3/procps.3.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2231 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man3/procps_misc.3.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 3636 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man3/procps_pids.3.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man5/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1355 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man5/sysctl.conf.5.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man8/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2542 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man8/sysctl.8.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2873 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/ro/man8/vmstat.8.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2210 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/free.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1658 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/kill.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 3494 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/pgrep.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1378 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/pidof.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1335 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/pmap.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 16504 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/ps.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 762 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/pwdx.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1836 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/skill.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1973 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/slabtop.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1125 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/tload.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 36740 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/top.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1305 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/uptime.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1749 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/w.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2921 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man1/watch.1.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man3/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2915 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man3/procps.3.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2106 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man3/procps_misc.3.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 3360 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man3/procps_pids.3.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man5/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1329 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man5/sysctl.conf.5.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man8/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2399 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man8/sysctl.8.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2702 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/sv/man8/vmstat.8.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 3008 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/free.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2166 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/kill.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 4628 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/pgrep.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1909 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/pidof.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1690 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/pmap.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 20176 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/ps.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 908 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/pwdx.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2384 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/skill.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2674 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/slabtop.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1415 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/tload.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 46431 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/top.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1660 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/uptime.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2305 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/w.1.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 3827 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man1/watch.1.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man3/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 3707 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man3/procps.3.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 2646 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man3/procps_misc.3.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 4232 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man3/procps_pids.3.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man5/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1637 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man5/sysctl.conf.5.gz
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man8/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 3037 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man8/sysctl.8.gz
-rw-r--r-- root/root 3662 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/uk/man8/vmstat.8.gz
lrwxrwxrwx root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/bin/pkill -> pgrep
lrwxrwxrwx root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/bin/snice -> skill
lrwxrwxrwx root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/man1/pidwait.1.gz -> pgrep.1.gz
lrwxrwxrwx root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/man1/pkill.1.gz -> pgrep.1.gz
lrwxrwxrwx root/root 0 2024-07-11 03:41 ./usr/share/man/man1/snice.1.gz -> skill.1.gz
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