Thanks to Richard for the suggestion to try magika:
# find ./ -type f -exec ~/.local/bin/magika {} \;
Whence-Energy-2_YI5JSRVWOVJ5MO6EWC57GJKTBZLXXI23.sdr/Whence-Energy-2_YI5JSRVWOVJ5MO6EWC57GJKTBZLXXI23bbd37f35b4b251f45c1bf42879a62d70.yjf: Unknown binary data (unknown) [Low-confidence model best-guess: JPEG image data (image), score=28]
Whence-Energy-2_YI5JSRVWOVJ5MO6EWC57GJKTBZLXXI23.sdr/data/.pagination.cache/887fcb7c: Unknown binary data (unknown) [Low-confidence model best-guess: PE executable (executable), score=71]
Whence-Energy-2_YI5JSRVWOVJ5MO6EWC57GJKTBZLXXI23.sdr/YI5JSRVWOVJ5MO6EWC57GJKTBZLXXI23.mf: Generic text document (text) [Low-confidence model best-guess: JSON document (code), score=59]
Whence-Energy-2_YI5JSRVWOVJ5MO6EWC57GJKTBZLXXI23.sdr/Whence-Energy-2_YI5JSRVWOVJ5MO6EWC57GJKTBZLXXI23bbd37f35b4b251f45c1bf42879a62d70.yjr: Unknown binary data (unknown) [Low-confidence model best-guess: Intel 80386 COFF (executable), score=76]
Whence-Energy-2_YI5JSRVWOVJ5MO6EWC57GJKTBZLXXI23.sdr/AssetDownloadMetadata.meta: JSON document (code)
Whence-Energy-2_YI5JSRVWOVJ5MO6EWC57GJKTBZLXXI23.kfx: Unknown binary data (unknown) [Low-confidence model best-guess: BMP image data (image), score=89]
So except for one file, it's still a mystery what e-mailing a PDF to a Kindle reader with "convert" (without quotes) in the subject actually produces. The Kindle reader can read it, but so far nothing else I've tried can. In the end, I want to edit it and re-publish it on Amazon.