Ron Johnson wrote:
Actually, it dates back further than that, to ASR33 teletype machines, where you needed to issue separate carriage return and line feed characters to end a line - to i) physically return the carriage to the beginning of the line, and ii) feed a line of paper (turn the platten). (Anybody else out there old enough to remember when ASR33s where THE standard i/o device? :-)On 05/29/08 19:35, Paul Johnson wrote:On Thursday 29 May 2008 05:26:43 pm L.V.Gandhi wrote:Windows happens to end lines in a way that's gratuitously different from the rest of the world. Check out the tofrodos package.I have made a text file in Linux using echo and cat commands. When I open the file in note pad, I find files are not having line break, but having a character in place of line break. Is there any way in echo and cat commands usage to put windows line break?Since 90% of all computers are DOS/Windows, and got that method from CP/M, which did it that way back in 1976/77, your "gratuitously different" comment is absurdly wrong.
CR+LF is also required in most Internet protocols. This is one of the surprising areas, where the Microsoft products get things right, and the Unix world messes up.
There are some good historical references at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newline http://www.rfc-editor.org/EOLstory.txt http://www.w3.org/TR/newline Miles Fidelman