I don't need any local queue on the machine running lpr, because all of the printers are remote and queues are managed on another machine. lpr shouldn't need any local server if I'm not wrong (in fact cups-bsd does not depend on cups-daemon).
The -H command should indeed instruct lpr to connect to another machine's cups server instead of the local one (as I understand it)... and it just works like that if the options order is switched: may be a feature, OK, but a very weird one :). And it worked like that before CUPS 2 upgrade (1.7 was the previous version) with any option order, that's why I thought it was a bug.