I can add that the playhead (which is the name for the timeline cursor AKA the little green triangle) does not appear during playback in audacity 2.4.2 in bullseye. I'm running it on Wayland in Gnome, Linux kernel 5.10.4-1 (2020-12-31) x86_64.
To add more detail to the behaviour:
the playhead should be visible when the timeline is clicked (even when not playing), but it is not. However, after playback is stopped or paused, the playhead -does- appear.
Hints: