@Jonathan: Thanks for the hint. @Ben: Take my excuses, I didn't notice the cloning step.This bug could be marked as a duplicate of bug#637395. I installed cpufreq-utils 007-2 from testing and the problems went away.
The kernel itself booted fine, so I won't send the output of the netconsole. With cpufreq-utils 007-1 (not -2), I get the module insertion FATAL errors as described earlier.