8% woody-install-manual translated
再试一次.
每天1%,那么100天就能完成.
malix
题目:《自嘲》
作者:陆游（１１２５－１２１０）
少读诗书陋汉唐，莫年身世寄农桑。
骑驴两脚欲到地，爱酒一樽常在旁。
老去形容虽变改，醉来意气尚轩昂。
太行王屋何由动，堪笑愚公不自量。
Installing Debian GNU/Linux 3.0 For Intel x86
---------------------------------------------
Bruce Perens
Sven Rudolph
Igor Grobman
James Treacy
Adam Di Carlo
version 3.0.20, 05 February, 2002
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ÒëÕߣº±¾ÈËÈÏΪӦµ±¾¡¿ÉÄÜÖ±Òë¡£ÈçÓв»±ãÖ®´¦£¬¾´ÇëÁ½⡣
malix
Shanghai China
2002-02-28
ÕªÒª
--------
±¾Îĵµ°üº¬ÊÊÓÃÓÚ Intel x86(¡°i386¡±)Ìåϵ½á¹¹ µÄDebian GNU/Linux 3.0 ϵͳµÄ°²×°ËµÃ÷.ËüÒ²º¬ÓÐÖ¸Ïò¸ü¶àÐÅÏ¢µÄÖ¸ÕëÒÔ¼°ÈçºÎ×î´ó³Ì¶È¹¹ÔìÄãµÄÐÂDebianϵͳµÄÐÅÏ¢¡£
±¾ÎĵµÖеĹý³Ì²¢²»ÊÊÓÃÓÚÏëÒªÉý¼¶ÒÑÓеÄϵͳµÄÈË£»Èç¹ûÄãÔÚÉý¼¶£¬Çë²Î¿¼Debian 3.0µÄ·¢²¼ËµÃ÷(http://www.debian.org/releases/3.0/i386/release-notes/)(ÒëÕߣºÓ¦µ±ÊÇhttp://www.debian.org/releases/woody/i386/release-notes/)¡£
----------------
This document may be distributed and modified under the terms of the
GNU General Public License.
(C) 1996 Bruce Perens
(C) 1996, 1997 Sven Rudolph
(C) 1998 Igor Grobman, James Treacy
(C) 1998--2002 Adam Di Carlo
This manual is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any
later version.
This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
_without any warranty_; without even the implied warranty of
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. See the GNU
General Public License for more details.
A copy of the GNU General Public License is available as
`/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL' in the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
or on the World Wide Web at the GNU website
(http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html). You can also obtain it by
writing to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite
330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
We require that you properly attribute Debian and the authors of this
document on any materials derived from this document. If you modify
and improve this document, we request that you notify the authors of
this document, via <debian-boot@lists.debian.org>.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contents
ÄÚÈÝ
--------
1. Welcome to Debian
»¶ÓÀ´µ½Debian
1.1. What is Debian?
ʲôÊÇDebian?
1.2. What is GNU/Linux?
ʲôÊÇGNU/Linux?
1.3. What is Debian GNU/Linux?
ʲôÊÇDebian GNU/Linux?
1.4. What is Debian GNU/Hurd?
ʲôÊÇDebian GNU/Hurd?
1.5. Getting Debian
»ñµÃDebian
1.6. Getting the Newest Version of This Document
»ñµÃ±¾ÎĵµµÄ×îа汾
1.7. Organization of This Document
±¾ÎĵµµÄ×éÖ¯
1.8. This Document Has Known Problems
±¾ÎĵµÓÐÒÑÖªµÄÎÊÌâ
1.9. About Copyrights and Software Licenses
¹ØÓÚ°æȨºÍÈí¼þÐí¿É
2. System Requirements
ϵͳÐèÇó
2.1. Supported Hardware
Ö§³ÖµÄÓ²¼þ
2.2. Installation Media
°²×°Ã½Ìå
2.3. Memory and Disk Space Requirements
ÄÚ´æºÍÓ²ÅÌ¿Õ¼äÒªÇó
2.4. Network Connectivity Hardware
ÍøÂçÁ¬Í¨ÐÔÓ²¼þ
2.5. Peripherals and Other Hardware
ÍâÉèºÍÆäËûÓ²¼þ
2.6. Purchasing Hardware Specifically for GNU/Linux
¹ºÂòGNU/Linux רÓÃÓ²¼þ
3. Before Installing Debian GNU/Linux
°²×°Debian GNU/Linux ֮ǰ
3.1. Overview of the Installation Process
°²×°¹ý³Ì¸ÅÀÀ
3.2. Back Up Your Existing Data!
±¸·ÝÄãµÄÊý¾Ý
3.3. Information You Will Need
ÄãÐèÒªµÄÐÅÏ¢
3.4. Planning Use of the System
ʹÓÃϵͳµÄ¼Æ»®
3.5. Pre-Partitioning for Multi-Boot Systems
¶àÖØÒýµ¼ÏµÍ³Ô¤·ÖÇø
3.6. Pre-Installation Hardware and Operating System Setup
Ô¤°²×°µÄÓ²¼þºÍ²Ù×÷ϵͳÉèÖÃ
4. Obtaining System Installation Media
»ñȡϵͳ°²×°Ã½Ìå
4.1. Official Debian GNU/Linux CD-ROM Sets
¹Ù·½Debian GNU/Linux CD-ROMÌ×¼þ
4.2. Downloading Files from Debian Mirrors
´ÓDebian¾µÏñÏÂÔØÎļþ
4.3. Creating Floppies from Disk Images
´Ó´ÅÅÌÓ³Ïñ´´½¨ÈíÅÌ
4.4. Preparing Files for Hard Disk Booting
ΪӲÅÌÆô¶¯×¼±¸Îļþ
4.5. Automatic Installation
×Ô¶¯°²×°
5. Booting the Installation System
Òýµ¼°²×°ÏµÍ³
5.1. Boot Parameter Arguments
Òýµ¼²ÎÊý
5.2. Booting from a CD-ROM
´ÓCD-ROMÒýµ¼
5.3. Booting from Floppies
´ÓÈíÅÌÒýµ¼
5.4. Booting From a Hard Disk
´ÓÓ²ÅÌÒýµ¼
5.5. Troubleshooting the Install Process
°²×°¹ý³ÌÖеÄÎÊÌâ½â¾ö
5.6. Introduction to `dbootstrap'
¡®dbootstrap¡¯½éÉÜ
5.7. ``Release Notes''
¡°·¢²¼ËµÃ÷¡±
5.8. ``Debian GNU/Linux Installation Main Menu''
¡°Debian GNU/Linux °²×°Ö÷²Ëµ¥¡±
5.9. ``Configure the Keyboard''
¡°ÅäÖüüÅÌ¡±
5.10. Last Chance!
¡°×îºó»ú»á¡±
6. Partitioning for Debian
ΪDebian·ÖÇø
6.1. Deciding on Debian Partitions and Sizes
¾ö¶¨Debian·ÖÇø¼°³ß´ç
6.2. The Directory Tree
Ŀ¼Ê÷
6.3. PC Disk Limitations
PC´ÅÅ̾ÖÏÞÐÔ
6.4. Recommended Partitioning Scheme
½¨ÒéµÄ·ÖÇøģʽ
6.5. Device Names in Linux
LinuxÖеÄÉ豸Ãû³Æ
6.6. Debian Partitioning Programs
Debian ·ÖÇø³ÌÐò
6.7. ``Initialize and Activate a Swap Partition''
¡°³õʼ»¯ºÍ¼¤»î½»»»·ÖÇø¡±
6.8. ``Initialize a Linux Partition''
¡°³õʼ»¯Linux·ÖÇø¡±
6.9. ``Mount a Previously-Initialized Partition''
¡°¹Ò×°ÒÔÇ°³õʼ»¯¹ýµÄ·ÖÇø¡±
6.10. Mounting Partitions Not Supported by `dbootstrap'
¡°¹Ò×°¡®dbootstrap¡¯²»Ö§³ÖµÄ·ÖÇø¡±
7. Installing the Kernel and Base Operating System
°²×°Äں˼°»ù±¾²Ù×÷ϵͳ
7.1. ``Install Kernel and Driver Modules''
¡°°²×°Äں˼°Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÄ£¿é¡±
7.2. NFS
7.3. Network
ÍøÂç
7.4. NFS Root
NFS¸ù
7.5. ``Configure PCMCIA Support''
ÅäÖÃPCMCIAÖ§³Ö
7.6. ``Configure Device Driver Modules''
¡°ÅäÖÃÉ豸Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÄ£¿é¡±
7.7. ``Configure the Network''
¡°ÅäÖÃÍøÂ硱
7.8. ``Install the Base System''
¡°°²×°»ù±¾ÏµÍ³¡±
8. Booting Into Your New Debian System
Òýµ¼½øÈëÄãµÄÐÂDebianϵͳ
8.1. ``Make System Bootable''
ÈÃϵͳ¿ÉÒýµ¼
8.2. ``Make a Boot Floppy''
×öÕÅÒýµ¼ÈíÅÌ
8.3. The Moment of Truth
£¿£¿£¿ÕæÀíʱ¿Ì£¿£¿£¿
8.4. Debian Post-Boot (Base) Configuration
DebianÒýµ¼ºó£¨»ù±¾£©ÅäÖÃ
8.5. MD5 Passwords
MD5ÃÜÂë
8.6. Shadow Passwords
ÒõÓ°ÃÜÂë
8.7. Set the Root Password
ÉèÖÃrootÃÜÂë
8.8. Create an Ordinary User
´´½¨ÆÕͨÓû§
8.9. Setting Up PPP
ÉèÖÃPPP
8.10. Removing PCMCIA
ÒƳýPCMCIA
8.11. Configuring APT
ÅäÖÃAPT
8.12. Package Installation: Simple or Advanced
°ü°²×°£º¼òµ¥µÄ»ò¸ß¼¶µÄ
8.13. Simple Package Selection --- The Task Installer
¼òµ¥µÄ°üÑ¡Ôñ¡ªÈÎÎñ°²×°Æ÷
8.14. Advanced Package Selection with `dselect'
¸ß¼¶µÄ°üÑ¡Ôñ£¬ÓÃ'dselect'
8.15. Log In
怬
9. Next Steps and Where to Go From Here
ÏÂÒ»²½¼°´ÓÕâÀï³ö·¢
9.1. If You Are New to Unix
Èç¹ûÄãÊÇUnixÐÂÊÖ
9.2. Orienting Yourself to Debian
ÊÊÓ¦Debian
9.3. Reactivating DOS and Windows
»Ö¸´DOSºÍWindows
9.4. Further Reading and Information
½øÒ»²½µÄÔĶÁºÍÐÅÏ¢
9.5. Compiling a New Kernel
±àÒëÒ»¸öеÄÄÚºË
10. Technical Information on the Boot Floppies
Òýµ¼ÈíÅ̵ļ¼ÊõÐÅÏ¢
10.1. Source Code
Ô´´úÂë
10.2. rescue floppy
Õü¾ÈÅÌ
10.3. Replacing the rescue floppy Kernel
Ìæ»»Õü¾ÈÅ̵ÄÄÚºË
11. Appendix
¸½Â¼
11.1. Further Information
½øÒ»²½µÄÐÅÏ¢
11.2. Obtaining Debian GNU/Linux
»ñÈ¡Debian GNU/Linux
11.3. Linux Devices
LinuxÉ豸
12. Administrivia
??½áÓï??
12.1. About This Document
¹ØÓÚ±¾Îĵµ
12.2. Contributing to This Document
Ϊ´ËÎĵµ×ö¹±Ï×
12.3. Major Contributions
Ö÷ÒªµÄ¹±Ï×
12.4. Trademark Acknowledgement
É̱êÈ·ÈÏ
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Welcome to Debian
»¶ÓÀ´µ½Debian
--------------------
We are delighted that you have decided to try Debian, and are sure
that you will find that Debian's GNU/Linux distribution is unique.
Debian GNU/Linux brings together high-quality free software from
around the world, integrating it into a coherent whole. We believe
that you will find that the result is truly more than the sum of the
parts.
ÎÒÃǺܸßÐË,ÄãÑ¡Ôñ³¢ÊÔDebian,²¢ÇÒÎÒÃÇÏàÐÅÄ㽫·¢ÏÖDebian GNU/Linux·¢²¼ÊÇΨһµÄ.
Debian GNU/Linux´øÀ´ÁËÊÀ½çÉϵĸßÖÊÁ¿µÄ×ÔÓÉÈí¼þ,²¢¼¯³ÉΪһ¸öÕûÌå.ÎÒÃÇÏàÐÅ,Ä㽫
»á·¢ÏÖ½á¹û±ÈËùÓв¿¼þµÄ×ܺ͸ü¶à.(ÒëÕß:Ó¦µ±Ö¸¼¯³ÉÄÜʹϵͳµÄ¹¦Äܳ¬¹ý¸÷ÔªËصļòµ¥ºÍ)
This chapter provides an overview of the Debian Project and Debian
GNU/Linux. If you already know about the Debian Project's history and
the Debian GNU/Linux distribution, feel free to skip to the next
chapter.
±¾ÕÂÌṩDebianÏîÄ¿ºÍDebian GNU/LinuxµÄ¸Å¿ö.Èç¹ûÄãÒѾÁ˽âDebianÏîÄ¿µÄÀúÊ·
¼°Debian GNU/Linux·¢²¼,¿ÉºöÂÔ±¾ÕÂ.
1.1. What is Debian?
ºÎΪDebian?
--------------------
Debian is an all-volunteer organization dedicated to developing free
software and promoting the ideals of the Free Software Foundation.
The Debian Project began in 1993, when Ian Murdock issued an open
invitation to software developers to contribute to a complete and
coherent software distribution based on the relatively new Linux
kernel. That relatively small band of dedicated enthusiasts,
originally funded by the Free Software Foundation
(http://www.fsf.org/fsf/fsf.html) and influenced by the GNU
(http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html) philosophy, has grown
over the years into an organization of around 800 _Debian Developers_.
DebianÊÇÒ»¸öÍêÈ«ÓÐÖ¾Ô¸Õß×é³ÉµÄ×éÖ¯,ÖÂÁ¦ÓÚ¿ª·¢×ÔÓÉÈí¼þ,²¢ÌáÉýÁË×ÔÓÉÈí¼þ»ù½ð»áµÄ˼Ïë.
DebianÏîĿʼÓÚ1993Äê,ÄÇʱIan Murdock¿ªÊ¼ÑûÇëÈí¼þ¿ª·¢ÕßΪһ¸ö»ùÓÚÏà¶Ô½ÏеÄLinuxÄÚºË,
ÍêÕû¶øе÷µÄÈí¼þ·¢²¼.ÄǸöÏà¶Ô½ÏСµÄ°®ºÃÕßÍÅÌå,×î³õÊÇÓÉ×ÔÓÉÈí¼þ»ù½ð
(http://www.fsf.org/fsf/fsf.html)×齨µÄ,²¢ÉîÊÜGNU
ÕÜѧ(http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html)µÄÓ°Ïì,ÏÖÔÚÒѳɳ¤ÎªÓµÓÐÔ¼800λDebian
¿ª·¢ÕßµÄ×éÖ¯.
Debian Developers are involved in a variety of activities, including
Web (http://www.debian.org/) and FTP (ftp://ftp.debian.org/) site
administration, graphic design, legal analysis of software licenses,
writing documentation, and, of course, maintaining software packages.
Debian¿ª·¢Õß¿ªÕ¹¶àÖֻ,°üÀ¨: Web(http://www.debian.org/)ºÍ
FTP (ftp://ftp.debian.org/)Õ¾µãµÄ¹ÜÀí,ͼÐÎÉè¼Æ,Èí¼þÐí¿ÉÖ¤µÄºÏ·¨ÐÔ·ÖÎö,
±àдÎĵµ,µ±È»»¹ÓÐά»¤Èí¼þ°ü.
In the interest of communicating our philosophy and attracting
developers who believe in the principles that Debian stands for, the
Debian Project has published a number of documents that outline our
values and serve as guides to what it means to be a Debian Developer:
ΪÁË´«²¥ÎÒÃǵÄÕÜѧÒÔ¼°ÎüÒýÄÇЩÐÅÑöDebianËù´ú±íµÄµÀÒåµÄ¿ª·¢Õß,DebianÏîÄ¿
ÒѾ·¢²¼ÁËһЩÎĵµ,±í´ïÎÒÃǵļÛÖµ¹Û,²¢×÷Ϊµ¼Òý:Debian¿ª·¢ÕßÒâζ×Åʲô?
* The Debian Social Contract
(http://www.debian.org/social_contract) is a statement of
Debian's commitments to the Free Software Community. Anyone who
agrees to abide to the Social Contract may become a maintainer
(http://www.debian.org/doc/maint-guide/). Any maintainer can
introduce new software into Debian --- provided that the software
meets our criteria for being free, and the package follows our
quality standards.
DebianÉçȺÆõÔ¼
(http://www.debian.org/social_contract)ÊÇDebian¶Ô×ÔÓÉÈí¼þÉçÇø³Ðµ£ÒåÎñ
µÄ³ÂÊö.ÈκÎÈË,ֻҪͬÒâ×ñÊØÉçȺÆõÔ¼,¶¼ÄܳÉΪһ¸öά»¤Õß
(http://www.debian.org/doc/maint-guide/).ÈκÎά»¤Õ߶¼ÄÜÒýÈëеÄÈí¼þµ½
DebianÖÐ---Ö»Òª¸ÃÈí¼þ·ûºÏÎÒÃÇ×ÔÓɵÄÌõ¼þ,ÇÒ¸ÃÈí¼þ°ü×ñ´ÓÎÒÃǵÄÖÊÁ¿±ê×¼.
(malix:2002-03-02)
* The Debian Free Software Guidelines
(http://www.debian.org/social_contract#guidelines) are a clear
and concise statement of Debian's criteria for free software.
The DFSG is a very influential document in the Free Software
Movement, and was the foundation of the The Open Source
Definition (http://opensource.org/docs/definition_plain.html).
Debian ×ÔÓÉÈí¼þµ¼Òý (DFSG)
(http://www.debian.org/social_contract#guidelines)ÊÇDebian¶Ô
×ÔÓÉÈí¼þ±ê×¼¼ò½àÃ÷Á˵IJûÊö.DFSGÔÚ×ÔÓÉÈí¼þÔ˶¯Öзdz£ÓÐÓ°ÏìÁ¦,
²¢ÇÒÊÇ¿ª·ÅÔ´´úÂ붨ÒåµÄ»ù´¡(http://opensource.org/docs/definition_plain.html).
* The Debian Policy Manual
(http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/) is an extensive
specification of the Debian Project's standards of quality.
Debian²ßÂÔÊÖ²á
(http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/)ÊÇDebianÏîÄ¿±ê×¼ºÍÖÊÁ¿
¹ã·ºµÄ¹æ·¶.
Debian developers are also involved in a number of other projects;
some specific to Debian, others involving some or all of the Linux
community. Some examples include:
Debian¿ª·¢Õß»¹²ÎÓëÆäËûһЩÏîÄ¿;ÓÐЩÊÇÕë¶ÔDebianµÄ,ÆäËû°üÀ¨Ä³Ð©»òËùÓÐ
LinuxÉçÇø.Àý×ÓÓÐ:
* The Linux Standard Base (http://www.linuxbase.org/) (LSB) is a
project aimed at standardizing the basic GNU/Linux system, which
will enable third-party software and hardware developers to
easily design programs and device drivers for Linux-in-general,
rather than for a specific GNU/Linux distribution.
Linux±ê×¼¿â(http://www.linuxbase.org/) (LSB)ÊÇÒÔ±ê×¼»¯»ù±¾GNU/Linux
ϵͳΪĿ±êµÄÏîÄ¿,Ëü½«Ê¹µÚÈý·½Èí¼þºÍÓ²¼þ¿ª·¢ÕßÄÜÇáÒ×µØΪLinuxͨÓõØ
Éè¼Æ³ÌÐòºÍÉ豸Çý¶¯³ÌÐò,¶ø²»ÊÇΪÌض¨µÄGNU/Linux·¢²¼.
* The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (http://www.pathname.com/fhs/)
(FHS) is an effort to standardize the layout of the Linux
filesystem. The FHS will allow software developers to
concentrate their efforts on designing programs, without having
to worry about how the package will be installed in different
GNU/Linux distributions.
Îļþϵͳ²ã´Î½á¹¹±ê×¼(http://www.pathname.com/fhs/)(FHS)ÊǶԱê×¼»¯
LinuxÎļþϵͳ²¼¾ÖµÄŬÁ¦.FHS½«ÔÊÐíÈí¼þ¿ª·¢Õß¼¯Öо«Á¦ÓÚ³ÌÐòÉè¼Æ,¶ø²»
Óõ£ÐÄÈí¼þ°üÈçºÎ±»°²×°µ½²»Í¬µÄGNU/Linux·¢²¼.
* Debian Jr. (http://www.debian.org/devel/debian-jr/) is an
internal project, aimed at making sure Debian has something to
offer to our youngest users.
Debian Jr. (http://www.debian.org/devel/debian-jr/)ÊǸöÄÚ²¿ÏîÄ¿,
Ä¿±êÊÇΪÎÒÃÇÄêÑ·µÄСÓû§ÃÇÌṩµã¶«Î÷.
For more general information about Debian, see the Debian FAQ
(http://www.debian.org/doc/FAQ/).
ÏëÁ˽â¸ü¶àµÄ¹ØÓÚDebianµÄÐÅÏ¢,²Î¼ûDebian FAQ(http://www.debian.org/doc/FAQ/).
(malix 2002-03-04)
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