Re: OpenGL

[A J Stiles <deb64@earthshod.co.uk>]

On Thursday 06 July 2006 13:35, Francesco Pietra wrote:
> > What do you see when you do
> >     $ ldd applicationname
> > ?
>
> For a global-search molecular-mechanics application that I compiled (and
> which has no graphics):
> $ldd /home/francesco/applicationdir/executable
> lib.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6    (0x00002aaaaabc3000)
> lib.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6     (0x00002aaaaad49000)
> /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00002aaaaaaab000)

That's compiled for 64-bit, as evidenced by the 16-digit hex numbers, and 
properly installed, as evidenced by all the required libraries being present.

> For the molecular mechanics application (which contains all its libraries
> except for OpenGL graphics) and which gives above errors while trying to
> load:
> $ldd /home/francesco/applicationdir/executable
> linux-gate.so.1 => (0xffffe000)
> libXm.so.3 => not found
> libGL.so.1 => not found
> libGLU.so.1 => not found
> libjpeg.so.62 => not found
> libXt.so.6 => not found
> libXt.so.6 => not found
> libX11.so.6 => not found
> libm.so.6 => /lib32/libm.so.6 (0x55578000)
> libc.so.6  => /lib32/libc.so.6 (0x5559c000)
> /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x55555000)
> libXmu.so.6 => not found

The 8-digit hex numbers show that this is a 32-bit application expecting 
32-bit libraries.  In fact, it's expecting quite a few libraries which you 
don't have.

> deb64:/# ldconfig
> after a while reports nothing (or did you mean issuing this command for a
> particular directory?)

This command is supposed to regenerate a configuration file which says which 
library is to be found where and also the various symbolic links from 
libfoo.so to libfoo.so.0.  You need to run it after installing a library, but 
Debian's package management system takes care of that for you.

It looks as though you will have to search for the packages containing the 
libraries which shew up as "not found"  (There's a facility on 
packages.debian.org where you can search for packages containing named files.  
Go to "Search the contents of packages", enter the filename in the text box 
and select the top radio button  ["packages that contain files named like 
this"].  Set your architecture to i386  [because you want 32-bit this time]  
and your distribution to match the 64-bit distribution you are running, and 
hit "search".)  Download the relevant .deb files  (you might need to change 
distributions if the versions you find are too old or too new),  then 
manually extract the needed libraries and place them in an appropriate 
directory with other 32-bit libraries  (in this case, /lib32, which is 
probably a symlink).

This won't be as neat as doing it all "properly"  (which would entail 
recompiling the 32-bit program as 64-bit, and possibly dealing with all 
manner of warnings and errors if the author naïvely assumed all systems were 
all 32-bit throughout), nor half-properly  (creating and installing a proper 
Debian package with just the 32-bit libraries you need in the right places);  
but one thing you soon learn about Linux is that all kinds of horrendous 
bodges work.

The only thing that would stop it working would be if it depended on some 
32-bit feature that is not available once the processor is running in 64-bit 
mode  (IIRC there are certain 16-bit 8086 instructions that an 80386 can't do 
once it has been placed into 32-bit mode, I don't know enough about modern 
hardware to know if there is another level to this.)  The fact that you've 
had it running on Red Hat  (which has 32-bit libraries in /lib and 64-bit 
libraries in /lib64)  would seem to indicate that this is not the case.

-- 
AJS
delta echo bravo six four at earthshod dot co dot uk