The debian instructions basically say to do a normal cp of the hybrid iso unto the raw USB device as follows (assume USB stick is on /dev/sdf):
cp debian11_hybrid.iso /dev/sdf
However, although the USB stick ends up with the 2 corresponding partitions, and I can mount/see the content of those, my laptop refuses to recognize the USB stick during boot and so it won't boot off it.
I have tried the Debian 10 and Debian 11 hybrid images on 2 different USB sticks and I get the same result.
I have inspected the boot options of the laptop in is setup screen, with the USB stick plugged-in, but the USB stick is not listed as a possible target.
BTW, in that laptop setup screen I see a note that says that Legacy Boot mode is not supported on the laptop.