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Bug#916843: installed system not usable



Hi Andrew,

On Thu, Dec 20, 2018 at 11:23:55AM +0100, andrew glaeser wrote:
>>
>> root@detst:/home/user# init 0
>> bash: init: command not found
>> root@detst:/home/user# shutdown -h now
>> bash: shutdown: command not found
>> root@detst:/home/user# ls
>> reportbug-installation-report-20181219-847-hn9d0g_o
>> root@detst:/home/user# aptitude update && aptitude upgrade
>> Get: 1 http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates InRelease
>> [38.3 kB] Get: 2 http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian buster InRelease [154
>> kB] Get: 3 http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64
>> Packages.diff/Index [27.9 kB] Get: 4 http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian
>> buster/main Translation-en.diff/Index [27.9 kB] Get: 5
>> http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian buster/contrib amd64 Packages.diff/Index
>> [27.8 kB] Get: 6 http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian buster/contrib
>> Translation-en.diff/Index [27.8 kB] Get: 7 http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian
>> buster/main amd64 Packages 2018-12-19-1410.32.pdiff [1,102 B] Get: 8
>> http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages
>> 2018-12-19-2010.27.pdiff [4,334 B] Get: 9 http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian
>> buster/main amd64 Packages 2018-12-20-0210.19.pdiff [33.2 kB] Get: 10
>> http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian buster/main Translation-en
>> 2018-12-19-1410.32.pdiff [824 B] Get: 11 http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian
>> buster/main amd64 Packages 2018-12-20-0210.19.pdiff [33.2 kB] Get: 12
>> http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian buster/main Translation-en
>> 2018-12-20-0210.19.pdiff [5,705 B] Get: 13 http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian
>> buster/contrib amd64 Packages 2018-12-20-0210.19.pdiff [2,765 B] Get: 14
>> http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian buster/main Translation-en
>> 2018-12-20-0210.19.pdiff [5,705 B] Get: 15 http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian
>> buster/contrib Translation-en 2018-12-20-0210.19.pdiff [31 B] Get: 16
>> http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian buster/contrib amd64 Packages
>> 2018-12-20-0210.19.pdiff [2,765 B] Get: 17 http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian
>> buster/contrib Translation-en 2018-12-20-0210.19.pdiff [31 B] Fetched 351
>> kB in 8s (45.5 kB/s) Current status: 5 (+5) upgradable, 916 (+29) new.
>> Resolving dependencies... The following NEW packages will be installed:
>> libhunspell-1.7-0{a} The following packages will be REMOVED:
>> libhunspell-1.6-0{u} The following packages will be upgraded:
>> adwaita-icon-theme enchant gpgv libenchant1c2a libgpg-error0 The following
>> packages are RECOMMENDED but will NOT be installed: libgpg-error-l10n 5
>> packages upgraded, 1 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need
>> to get 12.5 MB/12.7 MB of archives. After unpacking 52.2 kB will be used.
>> Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] Get: 1 http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian
>> buster/main amd64 enchant amd64 1.6.0-11.1+b1 [18.7 kB] Get: 2
>> http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 libenchant1c2a amd64
>> 1.6.0-11.1+b1 [69.8 kB] Get: 3 http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian buster/main
>> amd64 libgpg-error0 amd64 1.33-3 [70.6 kB] Get: 4
>> http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 gpgv amd64 2.2.12-1 [583
>> kB] Get: 5 http://ftp2.de.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64
>> adwaita-icon-theme all 3.30.1-1 [11.7 MB] Fetched 12.5 MB in 1s (10.2 MB/s)
>> Reading changelogs... Done dpkg: warning: 'ldconfig' not found in PATH or
>> not executable dpkg: warning: 'start-stop-daemon' not found in PATH or not
>> executable dpkg: error: 2 expected programs not found in PATH or not
>> executable Note: root's PATH should usually
>> contain /usr/local/sbin, /usr/sbin and /sbin E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg
>> returned an error code (2) dpkg: warning: 'ldconfig' not found in PATH or
>> not executable dpkg: warning: 'start-stop-daemon' not found in PATH or not
>> executable dpkg: error: 2 expected programs not found in PATH or not
>> executable Note: root's PATH should usually
>> contain /usr/local/sbin, /usr/sbin and /sbin root@detst:/home/user# 

I've been bitten by this myself, so I recognise the symptoms.

You've logged in and used "su" to switch to root. We've recently
switched to using the "su" provided by the util-linux source package
instead of the older one from shadow, and this is a consequence of
that change. To change environment properly, you need to use "su -"
instead.

-- 
Steve McIntyre, Cambridge, UK.                                steve@einval.com
"I've only once written 'SQL is my bitch' in a comment. But that code 
 is in use on a military site..." -- Simon Booth


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